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AOE RI RAN SRE = THE BISMARCK TRIBUNE An lodependent Newspaper THE STATE'S OLDESI NEWSPAPER (Established 1873) EEE EINE ih tA Published by Ihe Bismarck Tribune Company. Bis- marck, N. D., and entered at the postoffice at Bismarck @8 second Clas mai) matter. George D. Mann Subscription Rates Payable in Advance Daily by carrier, per year .. esos Daily by mail per year (in Bismarck) Daily by mail per year (in state, outside Bismarck) . Daily by mail outside of North Dakota ‘Weekly by mail in state, per year .... Weekly by mati in state, three years ‘Weekly by mail outside of North Dakota, Der year ‘Weekly by mail in Canada per year Member Acdit Bureau of Circulation Member of The Associated Press + President and Publisher 87.20 + 1.20 + 6.00 -$1.00 2250 . 150 » 2.00 The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use| for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this newspaper and also the local news Gf spontaneous origin published herein All rights of republication of all other matter herein are also reserved. (Official City, State and County Newspaper) Foreign Representatives SMALL, SPENCER & LEVINGS (Incorporated) Formerly G. Logan Payne Co. CHICAGO NEW YORK Gas Tax Meets Opposition Campaigns against increased gasoline taxes are being ‘waged in 20 states, according to a survey by the Gasoline Retailer, a trade magazine devoted to the interests of one branch of the petroleum industry. Although intended primarily to discourage further taxa- tion of an industry in which subscribers to the magazine are interested, a survey disclosed some curious facts. Among these was a tendency toward “gasoline bootleg- ging” in those states where the tax now is highest. It also is asserted that tourists are beginning to avoid states in which the tax is high. All of which throws some light on the battle now in Prospect in the North Dakota legislature—if and when the bill to increase the gasoline tax levy appears—but not @ great deal. After all, it is not so easy for a dealer to evade the law providing for the tax, and the amount of tax collected from tourists is negligible as compared with the number of dollars paid by citizens of the statc. Probably most important of ail, in the forthcoming: effort to raise the gasoline tax and the fight against it, will be the use to which the increased revenue will be put. Good roads have been a fetish in recent years and in a state such as North Dakota they are a necessity. What crimes have been committed against the people under the charitable mantle of the good roads movement one can only suspect, but there are signs that people are becoming ‘suspicious. North Dakota voters have supported the gasoline tax and other so-called good-roads measures, knowing they would be beneficial if they worked out as promised. The trouble has been that the gasoline tax pudding has looked better than it has tasted. It is not difficult to find out how much was collected, | and the voters know the aggregate runs into millions of dollars. It is not so easy, however, to see how or where the money has been expended and what benefit has been derived from it. Fine phrases and glib promises do not build good roads, No one knows this fact better than those North Dakotans who are and have been paying a gasoline tax and who are still stuck in the mud. Proof that this spirit was abroad in the state was offered at the election last spring. Broadly, of course, the vote against the initiated measure was interpreted as one against going further with the gasoline tax principle. There was a reason for this, however, and it may be found in the rather deep-seated belief that the people are not getting quite what they have been paying for. Whether this feeling is justified remains to be seen, but it is steadily becoming more apparent that North Dakota would welcome a Moses to lead it out of the labyrinth into which this state's highway program has. wandered. Aids for the Golfer ‘The United States Government has issued patents on a! series of inventions guaranteed—by the inventor—to make | it impossible for a golfer to lose his ball. The inventor has perfected several simple devices. One, of the most ingenious is a pail of strong-smelling liquid, | which is placed at the tee. The golfer dips his ball in the odoriferous compound, tees up, whales away and then follows his nose. To provide for persons suffering from hay-fever or| otherwise incapacitated in the matter of smelling, the inventor has arranged odors similar to the musks of certain animals. The golfer then takes a dog on his round and the dog trails the ball in the delusion that it’s game. For those golfers who can't smell and have no dog, the! inventor has another dodge. At each tee is a pail of quick-drying liquid composed of materials that make up the “spit-devils” used by small boys on the Fourth of duly. This is the stuff you drop on the sidewalk and set off by scraping your shoe across it. The result is much crackling and spitting. Put it on a golf ball, hit the ball and there will be an excellent trail of small explosive noises to follow. For those persons who can't smell, have no dog and are | deaf, the inventor provides an ammonia solution into which the golf ball is dipped. If the ball lands in the rough, the moisture at the roots of the grass causes the ammonia to vaporize, with the result that a small column | t1on at Dickinson during the wetk they went on record of vapor, easily seen by any except a blind golfer, is formed. No provision has been made for blind Persons on the theory that they shouldn't play golf. Skulls by the Roadside No landscape artist ever did a picture of the great plains of the old west without putting somewhere in the foreground the bleaching skull of some long-dead steer or horse. Those white bones were typical. The early trails were marked by them as by guide-posts. The advance of man into the arid plains was marked by the skeletons of domestic animals that fell dead by the wayside. The old days are very far off, now; still, it is a trifle jarring to read in the current Harper's Bazaar that the rusted and battered skeletons of abandoned flivvers have replaced the white bones of dead animals beside the western trails. Yet that is just what a writer for this magazine asserts. Old skulls are few and far between now, he says. But broken fenders, worn-out tires and decrepit auto bodies ‘are there in their stead. Now, as always, the American Jeaves a litter when he travels; but it is a different kind of litter now, and the junked flivver rather than the | ~ A $2,000,000 State Capitol THE BISMARCK TRIBUNE, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 28, 1931 that there was a human corps for every mile; and the| People who went to the west over those routes had to! have an endurance and a courage which we today can| hardly even imagine. | So the old trails were marked with bones; and the landscape painters saw them, and a bleaching skull on|{ an empty plain, beside a shallow wheel trace, was the | sign of the open places—a sign that the overpowering | beauty of tiie American west had covered heart-break | and hunger and tragedy. | And now? The western roads are as safe and as/ Pleasant to travel as those of the east. The motorist: . 6.00/ goes from Kansas City to Albuquerque, from Omaha to; San Francisco, without paying even a moderate discom-| fort for the joys of his trip. Where people died of starva- \ tion and thirst or went under the scalping knives of; the Indians less than a lifetime ago he rolls along in leasy freedom, worried only by the possibility that the | rest camp where he will spend the night may not have |hot water showers in its kath house. That represents the outlines of a stupendous conquest. Perhaps we are still too close to it to appreciate it fully. It is only when we read of something like this substitu- tion of abandoned flivvers for white skeletons that we realize just how great the change has been. Uncle Sam a ‘Slowpoke’ | Although it now leads the world in the production of | commercial aircraft and the number of miles being flown ( annually by its citizens, America has become a “slowpoke” in the development of aircraft, according to Al Williams, Amcrican speed flier, writing in a current magazine. | Williams, a former naval officer, sees the problem as \one of military rather than commercial significance. The speedy plane has the advantage in aerial combat. While America brags of speeds of 195 and 200 miles an hour, he! says, Great Britain places an order for 200 ships which! j must do 240 miles an hour. | Another war looks a long way off and Williams’ com- ; Plaint will go unheeded. That is the history of American) | Unpreparedness and there is no reason to believe it will | |be materially different in the future, But war seemed) | just as remote when the clouds broke in 1914 and it is} undisputed that considerable American blood was shed) on the altar of pat:/otism because this nation was unpre- ' pared. | Mr. Williams douisiless paints his picture in overdrab | colors, but even so, it does us no harm to look at it. \ The Oath of Innocence ' | New York's troubles with its crooked judges are, of course, New York's own concern, and they don't affect} the rest of us very greatly; but there is, nevertheless, no| ‘reason why we provincials should not get a quiet chuckle! over Mayor Walker's recent action in calling on his city's ‘magistrates to take solemn oath that they did not buy ‘their offices. As a gesture, it probably will do a certain amount of jgood. Surely it can do no harm; and that, to a harassed |mayor like Mr. Walker, must be something. But there is something humorous in it, just the same. Imagine a man who has paid $10,000 to some crooked politician for | a judgeship being so conscience-stricken that he would fear to swear that he had not done so! | Heaven Help the Race A magazine devoted to sales talk for the drug and | Perfume trade gives us warning of the future. It says: “Many Anglo Saxons are prone to carry the impression that it isn't manly for one of the male sex to use perfume. | Nevertheless men are using more perfumes and cosmetics than in former years and several manufacturers are suc- | cessfully marketing lines of toilet preparations made espe- | cially for men.” All of us hope, of course, that this is trade promotion | jrather than truth, but true or not, the average Bismarck {man quails at the thought of what would happen to him |if his friends met him on the street all scented up with lavender and old rose, Scientists claim they have discovered a bacteria which combats the germs causing boils, carbuncles, dysentery and other ills. Now if they would only find one to deal | with the weevil which always infects our pocketbook, Editorial Comment Editorials printed below show the trend of thought by other editors. Th are published without regard tu whether they agi r sree with The Trib- une’s policies. (Devils Lake Journal) The state affairs committee of the North Dakota house of representatives, in its report Saturday, recommended the erection of a state house costing approximately $2,000,000. This might appear to be an enormous figure to many people of the state. Yet it is not enormous, when we take into consideration the fact that this is still a young state, and that the legislature today must build for the future. Two million dollars probably will finance the con- struction of the finest building in North Dakota, and the natural conclusion is, why should the state capitol not be the finest structure in the state? Such a building symbolizes the faith which the people have in their state, and the good North Dakotan who) has prospered here has plenty of faith in North Da- kota. At least, he should have. Should Find Way to Pave (Fargo Forum) Pavement of United States highway No. 10, advocated locally and by the Cass county board of commissioners, accepted by the highway commission as a project calling for early consideration, will face the opposition of county commissioners throughout the state. In their conven- demanding that all of the federal aid system of high- ways be graveled before any pavement~is taken on. This is a condition long foreseen by the state officials in charge of highway work, for any money expended in pavement must of necessity reduce the amount of work, done elsewhere. Naturally they are not surprised that the county commissioners, with whom the highway com- | mission deals directly in highway construction, declared themselves as an association opposed to initiation of paving projects. “ Yet, even in the face of this opposition, we believe | that ways and means can be found to put the No. 10 | paving program into optration. ; i i The Dominance of Politics (Valley City Times-Record) The question of reapportionment of the state is now jbefore our legislative body and the leaguers want an ‘east and west division that simply means that every {league county is placed in the west division which would jinsure a Nonpartisan congressman in that end of the jstate. The Independents want a north and south divi- |sion continuing their supremacy for political reasons, also. So there you are. If there is any division at all— and it is possible there will be none—it will be on the north and south proposition, because the legislature is controlled by the Independent faction and the governor is of the same mind, so there 1s not much ‘chance of an east and west division. As regards reapportionment of the legislative districts that seems to be remote at this time. Cass county is mostly interested in revision to give them the representation that they are entitled to 0h account of population, but we understand that Cass. county is content to let well enough alone and does not PRED ini Expert researchers, who can get you any information on any subject, are at your command, without charge to you. A two-cent stamp will bring you @ personal answer to any inquiry of fact you may make. Thousands of newspaper readers use this great service. Try it today. Make your inquiry easily read and easily understood, and address the Bismarck Tribune Information Bu- reau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Q. Did Joseph Jefferson, Jr., suc- ceed his father in the role of Rip Van Winkle? A. S. A. He did not. It was Thomas Jefferson who succeeded his father in this role and also succeeded Frank Bacon in the role of Lightnin’ Bill Jones. Q. What is the average salary for School teachers? M. E. F. A. In 1929, in the United States, the median salary was $2063. Q. Was Emperor Constantine a Christian when he ascended the throne? Vv. S. A. The Emperor Constantine of Rome was at the time of his acces- sion, a pagan, but. he became con- verted to Christianity and’ did much to advance the Christian religion during his reign. Q. Who is the guitar player with the A. & P. Gypsies? J.C. 8S. A. He is John Cali. Q. How was Alaska’s flag selected? E. J. P. A. The contest was held by the American Legion, department of Alaska, in the public, private, and native schools in the territory for the purpose of selecting an official flag for Alaska. A law passed by the Legislature of the Department of Alaska on May 2, 1927, provided that the design of the official flag (the winning design) is eight gold stars in a field of blue, so selected for its simplicity, its originality, and its symbolism. Th? blue, one of our na- tional colors, typifies the evenng sky, the blue of the sea and of mountain lakes and of wild flowers that grow in Alaskan soil, the gold being signif- icant of the wealth that les hidden in Alaska’s hills and streams; and the law also provides that the Gov- ernor shall cause the original design to be encased properly and placed in the Alaska Historical Museum and that due credit be given to Benny Benson, age 13 years, a student in the seventh grade of the Mission OUT OUR WAY By Williams | Food for Thought! Territorial School, near Seward, Alaska, the designer of the flag, here- in described and adopted, as the of- ficial flag of Alaska, Q. Was the Hoover conference on child welfare the first of its kind which a President has called? TT. AC. A. It was the second. The first was called by President Roosevelt. Q. There is 8 monument in Ver- -mont erected to Thomas Davenport by the General Electric company. Why was the company especially interested? C. W.8. . A. Thomas Davenport, the invent- or, was born in Williamstown, Ver- mont, July 9, 1802. In 1833 he saw an exposition of an electro-magnet. He purchased it and after long ex- perimentation constructed an engine having all the features of the mod- ern electric motor. He exhibited it in various towns and obtained a pat- ent in February, 1837. A joint stock company was formed in New York, but did not succeed. After his means | 4, were exhausted, Davenport retired to @ farm near Salisbury, Vermont, where he died on Ju’y 6, 1851, Q. When did James A. Bailey, the circus owner, die? C.'B. A. He dicd in 1906. Q. Why is the elephant of the Re- publican party called Bolivar? N. N. A. Bolivar was a Spaniard who has been called the Washington of South America. Perhaps a more general term applied to him is that of the Liberator since it was through his efforts largely that many of the South American nations achieved their liberty and independence. It is in connection with this name that the symbol of the Republican party has been facetiously called Bolivar to indicate the belief of Republicans that theirs is the party of liberty and independence. Q. Are you not in error in saying that King George of England pos- sesses a British Guiana stamp of 1856? E. D. H. A. This is a mistake. As we understand it, King George did bid in the auction for this stamp, but it was acquired by Arthur Hind, an American collector of prominence. ‘The stamp was discovered in the year 1872, among some old papers, by a British Guiana boy. After changing hands several times, it finally passed, in the year 1878, into the collection of a famous Austrian philatelist, Count Ferrary of Paris. In 1917, thirty-nine years later, the French government seized Ferrary’s collection as alien property, and sold it, in a series of 14 great auctions, between 1921 and 1925, for the almost unbe- lievable total of $1,837,000. It was at one of these auctions that Mr. Hind purchased the stamp. Q. Why was the new planet given the name Pluto? R. L. W. A. Roger Lowell Putnam, trustee | of Lowell Obseravtory, says that the j name Pluto for the new planet was selected after a large number of sug- gested names had been narrowed down to three—Minerva, Pluto, and Cronus. Mr. Putnam said the vari- ous scientists interested felt that the line of Roman gods for whom other planets are named, should not be broken. The name Pluto is symbolic of the dark and distant regions through which the planet travels in its orbit about the sun. Q. If a suit is brought against the government who defends it? A.C. R. A. The Department of Justice de- fends the government in all suits brought against it. eg ahsh sspears rea Today Is the i Anniversary of GORDON’S BIRTH babies. DIET WILL SE: ON CARE OF THIS: PAPER ‘SERVICE grestions pe neean 70 paper STAMPEO semereee ENVELOPE FOR REPLY © t MeCOY +LOS ANGELES- CAL: : =e SOME DIFFERENT TYPES OF RHEUMATISM Still's disease is the name for a form of rheumatism which affects children from three to six years of age. It seldom appears in nursing ‘The joints become swollen, sore to the touch, and have a very limited movenfent. The lymphatic glands all cver the body become en- Jarged and there is excessive sweat- ing accompanied by a moderate tem- perature. This may become very dangerous unless gteat care is taken to avoid adhesions and fixation of the joints: Once the disease has sub- sided it is sometimes possible to loos- the adhesions by manipulative treatment. Acute rheumatic fever is most com- mon between the ages of seven and twenty-five. The youngér the child the more the heart is apt to be af- fected. The more mature the patient, the more likely that the joints will be attacked. This disease never appears before the age of two, and this should furnish some clue as to the cause of the trouble. It can be seen that this type of disorder occurs at the ages when the eating habits are being formulated. If the tonsils are re- moved, there is a lessened tendency to complication of the heart and joints, but not a lessened tendency toward chorea. Sometimes this disease may be present in-a mild form with the symptoms 80 slight as to escape at- tention and is only recognized in chil- dren who have sore throats accom- Panied by growing pains. Neverthe- less, the condition may develop into} fat removed, and the milk less exercise. In arthritis, the joints are swollen and painful to the touch. The least movement causes excruciat- Enclose a stamped addressed envelope for reply. ing pain. In this type of disorder the Joints of the extremities are most of- ten affected, including the hands, feet, ankles, wrists and knees. The temperature ranges about 103 degrees Fahrenheit. If. the disease pro- gresses it may result in wasted and contracted muscles and fixed joints. The chronic form of arthritis ap- Pears most often between the ages of forty to sixty. The onset is slower than in the acute form, and affects the larger joints, such as the hips, knees and vertebrae. New bony pro- cesses form around the inflamed ends of the bones, and may cause them to grow together in a fixed position. Sometimes so many joints become af- fected that the patient is absolutely helpless. (Look for “Dieting for Rheumatic Disorders” tomorrow.) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Antrum Trouble Question: Mrs. W. L. McC. asks: “Is buttermilk mucus-forming, and is it harmful to one suffering with an- trum trouble?” Answer: Real buttermilk, with the sugar either valvular leakage of the heart | turned into lactic aci@, cannot be or chorea, rarely both. In adults the | considered a mucus-forming food. It attack usually comes on suddenly | 1s, however, better for the one with with sharp pains in one or more| antrum irouble to live on a diet of joints. When several joints are af-|non-starchy vegetables with such fected it 1s usually in a symmetrical | Proteins as meat, fish and eggs. arrangement, with similar joints on the opposite sides of the body being Toast and Constipation Question: J. R. asks: “Will you affected at the same time. There is | Please explain in the paper if white some fever accompanied by a flushed | bread toasted as Melba toast is good face and perspiration with a very sour | for constipation?” smell. Death may occur with an ex- Answer: All toasted foods tend to treme rise of temperature unless the | Produce constipation and not to cure Patient is given cold sponges. The|it. This is probably due to the fast heart is nearly always damaged. that dextrinized foods use up such a lar rheumatism nearly al- | large amount of the intestinal fluids ways comes on after exposure to cold | and there is not enough fluid lubri- or muscular strain, but the system | cation left, must first be saturated with rheuma- tic toxins. This trouble occurs prin- Albuminuria Question: Mrs, J. T. asks: “What cipally in the voluntary muscles and | is: albuminuria? Is it dangerous? may be evidenced by such forms as | What is good for it?” lumbago and torticollis, The pain} Answer: Albuminuria simply becomes very much more severe with | means that some albumin has been any movement of the affected mus- | found in the urine. cles. « . Arthritis is probably caused by the This sometimes Comes from the kidneys, but may not mean any specific kidney disease, for same toxins as other forms of rheu- | it may come entirely from eating too matism. This trouble is often brought | much protein food. Albumin of the on by an injury of the bone or a/ urine may also come from irritation sprain when the toxins are already | of the bladder, causing pus to appear Present in the system. The acute|in the urine. When the boiling test type of arthritis occurs most often | is made 1t will show albumin because between the ages of twenty to forty, | of the albumin contained in the walls On Jan. 28, 1833, Charles Gordon, an English soldier, familiarly known as “Chinese Gordon” and “Gordon Pasha,” was born in Woolwich, the ‘son of an army officer. Graduating from the Royal Mili- tary Academy at Woolwich at the age of 15, Gordon was commissioned 8 lieutenant four years later. He served in the Crimean war with distinction, being wounded at Sebastopol. Later he entered the Chinese service and assisted in suppressing the Taiping rebellion, whence his sobriquet of In 1874, Gordon took command of the forces to follow Baker's African explorations, during which time he totally suppressed the slave traffic on the Red sea. Just 10 years later he went to the Sudan, in lower Egypt, as an emis- sary of England, to quiet the insur- gent tribes. His memorable journey to Khartum, with one or two attend- ants and the influence which his presence exercised over the tribes of ‘he desert, form one of the most thrilling episodes in his career. He was killed when a tribe leader cap- tured Khartum. [BARES] ‘The only apparent difference be- tween the 11 men on the Wickersham committee and the 11 men on a foot- VERY SIMPLE ,OOCTIOR WATSON. — RiRsT HOW 00 You KNow WeHotT T DONE, WHEN You WASN’ EVEN IN TH House ? You Snuct TO BED EARLY —WHY ? TO GET OUTA WASHIN' ——INI TH DARHNESS,You LIT “TH! LIGHT —UNDRESSED —MADE A BED FER TH’ DOG Wi YouR ONDERWEAR—WHY?- SO THEY'D BE WARM IN TH MORNIN’, BED— PULLED “TH! COVERS OVER Your HEAD— WHY? SO T WOULONT SEE You NEEDED WASHIN , IF T HAPPEN'D T'LOOM IND LAID ON SOUR BACK AWHILE~LAID GOT INTO ON YOUR LEFT SIDE AWHILE , THEN ON YOUR RIGHT SIDE . SIMPLE ,MY DEAR WATSON! ee oot \ NAW very and in women more often than. men. |of the pus cells. A careful diagnosis This is because women are more apt | is always necessary to be able to tell to suffer from’ intestinal than exactly what is producing the al- Poisoning men because as a class they use | buminuria. ball team is that one group knows| hearings on $25,000,000 Red Cross re- how to handle the highballs, ek * “Chewing Gum Sales Up 60 Mil- lion.” Headline. Which should con- vince the manufacturers of the adage that all good things come in little packages. * * Snake skin will predominate wom- en’s shoe styles this year, says a fashion note. Will it take lots of charm to wear them? * * * “Easy comb, easy go,” as the fellow with the fast disappearing hair might say. (Copyright, 1931, NEA Service, Inc.) Quotations | Reform in general is all right. In- dividual reformers are all hell.—Sin- clair Lewis. * ek & At heart “Red” (Sinclair) beibeterd ‘Women dominate social life more now than they ever did, and as much as they ever will—Mabel Walker ‘Willebr i. * *e * A religion which does not touch science and a science which does not touch religion are mutilated and in- complete —Rev. Ralph Inge, “Gloomy Dean” of St. Paul’s Cathedral, Lon- don. i xk * The trying experience through which we are passing may ultimately be a fine thing for us—Thomas W. Lamont. ** * & Outlawry of war is impossible im- mediately, but it will come with edu- cated public opinion—Former Secre- tary of State Frank B. Kellogg. — [Today in Congress ‘j WEDNESDAY > NA Continus ate on ment appr oriation bill. Secretary Mellon and Ogden Mills ity be! ce commit- eon Cashing of bonus certificate Patents committee opens hearings on Vestral copyright bill, Acts on Indian legislation, Appropriations committee continues {” Stickler Solution j war depart- re senate fii lief measure, 5 ‘Ways and means committee hears witnesses on bills to bar convict-made B00 2 auee committee considers giving slative precedence to $95,000,000 drainage district bill. ed Agriculture committee studies sen- ate bill to give 20,000,000 bushels of farm board wheat to hungry. Judiciary committee. resumes con- sideration of proposal to eliminate aliens from census representation fig- —_— l KFYR. | ——$<$$____..____. THURSDAY, JANUARY 29 B50 Kil We flocycles—545.1 Meters 00—Farm flashes, a 0—Weather report, 5—Farm pepo ar in Washington. usic, alker. o—Sunshine hour. eather report; ope: markets, -> Pe miarne Veco Sammy: daily household Clara Morris, arck Trib- une news and weather; lunch= eon program, 2:00—Grain markets: high, low; and” close; Bismarck ‘Tribun weather, and St. Paul liv 2:15—Musical ‘matinee melodie: 2:30—Federation Women's Mus program. 3 is, (0—Bismarck Tribune sports items Bismarck Tribune news. iusic. /0—Dinner hour organ recital: Clara Morris. 6:30—Mrs. F, J. Bavendick, contralto; Grace’ Duryee Morris, piano and accompanist. 6:45—Newscasting. 1:00—George Humphreys, bass; Graco ryee Morris, accompanist, 1:15—Legislative tidbits, ;—Sportsmen’s chats. 0—Hit of the week program. ib —Hazel Johnson, planologuc, ening stars, /0—Music, FLAPPER, FANNY SAYS: A symmetrical figure is tant to a figure \ a8 | ty qerwy wi¢ AYA Ye wow. i%