The Bismarck Tribune Newspaper, October 20, 1928, Page 10

‘PAGE TEN NAVY SINKS 5-4 ' AGAINTO TEST _ RESCUEDEVICE Lt. Momsen to Test ‘The Lung,’ Future Hope for Imprisoned Men Washington, Oct. 20.—For a sec- ond time within a year tke sub- marine S-4 is fated to sprawl help- lessly upon the sea’s floor—but this time as an agen‘ of Life and Science. It is as though the Navy depart- ment wanted to give the S-4 a shance to compensate for the grim role it played last December when, rammed and crippled, it trapped 40 men off the Cape Cod coast. True, it will be but a reconditioned hulk of the craft that went down off Provincetown. But a hulk in the Interest of Life is some improvement over a trim ship that coquets with Death. ‘ Hazard still is to have a hand in the game. A man is pitting his in- ventive ingenuity against the handi- caps of the under-water clements. That man is Lieut. C. B. Momsen, of the U. S. Navy. Some day soon he will step out of the S-4, after it has been sunk in 125 feet of water ‘n lower Chesapeake Bay, near Hampton Roads, and—unless his de- vice fails him—he will rise slowly to the surface. Looks Like Gas Mask In the probable event of a suc- cessful escape, one or two other Navy men will follow him, demon- strating the dependability of a res- cue device which is expected to save innumerable lives in the future. The device which will enable Lieut. Momsen and his collaborators to escape from the S-4, as many of the submarine’s original crew might have escaped had they been equipped with it, is called “the lung.” In ap- pearance it is more or less like a gas mask. The “lung” furnishes a supply of oxygen and absorbs carbon dioxide from the breath. The principle of its operation has not been disclosed, but its primary and essential value lies in the fact that it regulates the pressure of the oxygen in accordance with the great pressure of the water far under the sea. So long as the human body is saturated with air equal to the pressure of the water, it can withstand the pressure out- side. The “lung” is an equalization apparatus, maintaining the same pressure within that exists without. Functions at Any Depth Its use is limited only by the depth to which a man can go down— a little more than 300 feet. Sub- marines ordinarily run 30 or 40 feet below the surface while using peri- scopes and 80 to 100 feet otherwise. One once went down 287 feet, ac- cidentally, and had a hard time. New submarines are tested slightly above 200 feet. The S-51 found her grave 141 feet below the surface and the S-4 was raised from 102 feet. In August, Lieut. Momsen, fol- ip THE BISMARCK TRIBUNE | Her Chance to Compe FLAX AVERAGE nsate’ As if to give the submarine S-4 (upper right) a chance to compensate for her dark it, the sink her in Chesapeake Bay with Lieut. Momsen (lower right). and one or two tiers on buarte test of “the lung,” new rescue device, which Momsen is shown wearing. Momsen and his companions will try to get out of the submarine and return to the surface, going up hand over hand along a rope. lowed by Chief Torpedoman Joseph Eibend and E. Kallonoski, emerged from a diving bell 110 feet below the surface and came up safely, prov- ing the efficacy of the “lung.” They had first released a buoy from be- low, using the connecting rope to guide and retard their progress. At regulated markings along the rope they stopped to “decompress” them- selves; this procedure is necessary ir using the “lung”. In September similar tests were made in 155 feet of water, proving equally successful. Will It Work? Thus the most important phase of the experiments was proved; the “lung” could safely bring men up out of the water. The S-4 tests will prove whether men can safely get into the water from a submarine. Theoretically, this is not difficult. Tests in a pressure tank with an equivalent pressure depth of 225 feet have indicated that. The Navy, however, must prove it. In submarine rescues at consider- able depth, pressure must be equa- lized by admitting water to some space in the submarine. There must be an opening into the water from such an air compartment. The water, entering, compresses the air within. Although the principle is simple, it never has been tried out in a submarine. Momsen and his fellow experimenters must see what happens when a submarine compart- ment is flooded. “I’m just the guinea pig,” said Momsen, who, as usual, will be first to make the final tests. Disclaim- ing any talents or training as a diver or pressure expert, Momsen passes credit for invention and de- velopment of the “lung” along to Chief Gunner C. L. Tibbals, one’ of the world’s leading authorities on deep water conditions, and F. M. Hobson, civilian engineer in the Navy’s Bureau of Construction and Repair, which Momsen officially represents in the tests. “Lungs” For Entire Crew The lightness and simplicity of the “lung” is its most important. characteristic. “Diving helmets have been used as safety devices by some foreign nations, but never successfully much below 60 feet,” said Momsen. “At greater depths, complete diving suits have been necessary—and & submarine cannot carry complete suits for all of its crew. It can carry Plenty of ‘lung’, however.” Reconditioning of the S-4 for Lieut. Momsen’s test has been com- pleted at the Portsmouth, N. H., navy yard. The ship will be towed to New York to pick up equipment for the test, and then to Hampton Roads. There, on a date yet to be an- I$ 12 BUSHELS Bank of North Dakota Field Agent Reports on Stark County Grain The flax yield in Stark county will average 12 bushels per acre, accord- ing to a report to the Bank of North Dakota by H. Leutz, its field agent in that district. Several fields, Leutz said, produced as high as 24 bushels per acre. Pastures and stock are in condition in the west Missouri Slope country, Leutz said, and the grass is well cured. Considerable loss has been caused, however, by prairie fires, which have burned pastures and some other property. Some corn got ripe, although most of it was nipped by the frost. Leutz be- lieves there may be enough for seed. Reporting for the northwestern radio that great skill and ex] ce can make, we pe ero recommend the Grebe nounced, S-4 will be sunk in 125) | feet of water with Lieut. Momsen and perhaps two other men aboard beeen fd they'll be able to get out and back to the-surface in safety. What precautions ‘will be taken to assure rescue of the men in the event anything. goes wrong hasn't yet been divulged. YES, BUT WHY? Atlanta, Oct. 20.—The senior member of the Atlanta Journal com- posing room force has a new boast or the world to worry about. 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