The Bismarck Tribune Newspaper, September 26, 1927, Page 8

PAGE EIGHT HT SPTTLERS HAD _ MANY DANGERS Y In Addition to Usual Hard- G‘ ships They Faced Risks of Fur Traders’ War Grand Forks, N. D., Sept. 26.—(# Greed of certain Scotch nobles thiwho drove tenants from their lands m to make way for sheep early in the tr nineteenth century partly was re- sponsible for the settlement of these sturdy people in the Red River val- ar,ley and the establishment of the mbfirst permanent settlement in North to Dakota, according to 0. G. Libby, gc head of the history department at iatzthe, University of North Dakota. ti The difficulties which these peo- ple encountered and the hardships t} they overcame in establishing them- i Selves in the new world are described te by Dr. Libby in the following article, te the seventeenth of a sesies on North Dakota history written for the Asso- ted Press and its member news- BY 0. G, Libby . The earliest trading post in our - ‘state was built in 1797 by the North PWest Trading company at what is ©now Pembina. The story of these nearly traders has already been told win one of the first of these sketches. p Permanent settlement came very 1, much latter but not from the Ameri- titcan side of the line. The westward ti?movement of population in the ‘United States had not yet reached p!the Red River Valley, nor even the afupper Mississippi. It was not until t)' after the war of 1812 that the way a.Was really open for settlers. But ¢ leven after the hostile tribes in the ht northwest had been removed from these lands by treaty and purchase, {settlers were slow to penetrate this ‘remote region. ' Secures Large Grant In 1811 Lord Selkirk, a well-known ‘Scotch nobleman, secured from the Hudson’s Bay company a grant of 110,000 square miles lying in what i: is now Manitoba, Canada, and North ‘Dakota and Minnesot:.. The por- tion that was actually settled by Aiea ally along the Red River, rom its source to Lake Winnipeg. The settlers .or this venture ‘ame from the Highlands of Scotland. They were driven from their little rented farms by the great landown- ers who replaced them ‘xy more pro- fitable sheep herds. The high price of wool in England gave to these northern barons a sufficient excuse for driving their tenants from lands held by. their families for genera- ions, The first of these settlers to come to America arrived at Hudson Bay September 24, 1811, and the follow- ing summer Cd me up the Nel- son and the Red rivers in the boats of the Hudson’s Bay company. The first permanent settlement in the Red River valley was made in 812 at een is sh the ot f pune Bipeg in the province of Manitoba. Called Fort Doler The second winter, 1812-13, was spent in temporary quarters, a clus- ter of log houses defended by a stockade and called Fert Doler. This winter settlement stood on the present site of Pembina and was occupied only for a few months. Besides the usual difficulties and privations accompanying the settle- ment of a new country, these early Selkirkers, as they were called, had to face the dangers and risks of the fur trade war between two rival companies. The colony had been es- tablished by Lord Selkirk, a’ major- ity stockholder of the Hudson’s Bay company. The leading traders of the North West company were very much opposed to the settlement at this point. nor Macdonell of the colony had orders to drive the northwest- ers out of the Red River valley but in doing so he exposed the unhappy settlers to attacks in a conflict which did not concern them in the least. The result of this first attack upon the Northwest company was the complete dispersal of the colony in June, 1815, and the arrest of the governor. Another Group Arrives A new group of colonisi arrived from Scotland this summer under Governor Semple. After spending the winter of 1815-16 at Ft. Doler the colonists returned to the old site and Governor Semple again began open war upon the North West com- pany. This time an armed conflict took place, June 19, 1816, and the iia and twenty settlers were led and the colony wa: again broken up. Lord Selkirk arrived in the valley IVER VALLEY | Interior Views of New Telephone Building THE BISMARCK TRIBUNE the next summer with some hundred soldiers he enlisted at Montreal and bec and the colon - re- established, this time permanently, in 1817. The union of the two rival companies took place in 1821 and the colony was not again troubled by the conflicting interests of these fur traders. Local Company to Conduct Stock Sale Permission to sell $24,000 of com- mon 8 been granted to the ‘Boardman company of Bis- marck, sellers of bank supplies and novelties, by the state securities commissi vn. The Koehler store of Tappen has been authorized to sell $24,000 of common stock and 517,000 of pre- ferred stock and the United Securi- ties comp.ny of Chicago has been granted a “dealer license” authoriz- a them to sell securities in North akota. | if Incorporations | ——$—$—$__—_____i¢ Adolph Andersen Dye House, ad tors. Millarton Grain company, Mil- larton; Vaughan Cowell, ah Pridt, Waldren Clinic, Drayton; H, M. Waldren, Sr., H. M. Waldren, J., G. R. Waldren, incorporators. _DR.R. S. ENGE People of Bismarck and vicinity who ‘accept the invitation of the Northwestern Bell Telephone company to visit its new und up-to-date build- ing at the corner of Fifth street and Thayer avenue Tuesday and Wednesday afternoons will be taken on tour of inspection through the rooms shown above, commercial business office is pictured at the upper right. CONSTITUTION OUTSTANDING IN ITS No qualifications Except Age and Residence Placed Upon Presidency of the United States or Any Other Pubfic Office Within Republic's Confines Edtior's Note: This is the tenth of Mr. Atwood’s series on the Constitution. Tomorrow's article will tell sublime incidents in its framing. BY HARRY ATWOOD President, Constitution Anniversary Associat One of the outstanding achieve- ments of the men who wrote the Constitution and founded this re- public was their avoidance of class consciousness. They established a condition of government and industry freer from class consciousness and class agita- tion than the world had known up to that time. No qualifications ex- cept age and residence were placed upon the presidency of the United States or any other public within the confine: the republic. There was not the test hint of the class con- sciousness or class action in the Constitutio: Their plan provided that aspirants for public office would not be asked such questions as, From what fam- ily do you come? Froin what schools are you graduated? What degrees have been conferred upon you? | What is your vocation? How much wealth have you accumulated? To what church do you belong? This Is the Test U is Is Rather the test should be: Wh: sort of character © you acquired How much capacity have you d veloped for useful -publie service? With how much understanding and loyalty can you take an oath to sup- ad the Constitution of the United tes The provisions in the Constitution —K<“ _eEeEEEEEE Guaranteed Vulcanizing and Tube Repairing We also call for and deliver. Tire Service that serves. A. & M. Tire Service 216 Main Tel, 356 Used Car Bargains Chrysler “70” Roadster, best mechanical condition, Equipped rything. with eve: 1936 Ford Coupe, good condi- tion. To sel] at a real bargain. 1925 Dodge Touring. specifying qualifications for public office are as * _ No persoa shall be a representa- ive who shall aot have attained quired as a qualification to any of- ti ; to the age of 25 years, and been | fice or public trust under the United | z i seven years a citizen of the United | States. pistes aby who eee notes us elected, an inhabitant of that} ¢, intive positions are sti state in which he shall be chosen. |lated ir ‘i A No person shall be a senator whoj| matters are governed by law and/|stead of using his shall not have attained to the age|the judgment of those exercising|pare himself aor college president. of 30 years, and been nine years a|the appointive power. and fe citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when c‘c :ted, inhabitant of that state for which|up class agitation to array the rural | to organizing a mule-dr 7 Mows: At the upper left is the operators’ rest room where tie girls who are in charge of the switchboard spend their spare time. The new switchboard, said to be the finest in the northwest, is shown below at the right. while at the left is the battery room. he shall be chosea. | population against the people of No person except a natural-born | the city and to bring discord between | citizen shall be eligible to the office |employer and employe. What a difference it would make shall not have attaine. of 35 years and been 14 y jdent within the United Stat o jigious Question No religious test shall ever be r o the age | had been class conscious and instead a resi-|of prepzring himself, under great 5 |difficulties, to make the Cooper In- | stitute address and to debate with 'Douglas, he had spent his time get- rs organized and rail-splitters’ bloc in when| No qualifications for eligibility dy it woald have been | field) when driving mules on the towpata of a canal, in- spare time to pre- if James lated in the Constitution. §S x president of the United Toward the latter part of the last | State: had gotten the mule-driver’s be an|century, demagogues began stirring | consciousness and devoted The in the legislature to secure class|Stration will withdra, legislation! The manner in which individuals MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 1927 Demonstration Plan Expected to Make City Model in Re- gard to Public Health Work —City Commission Has Tak- en Over Support of Project —Budget Shows Increase Fargo, N. D., Sept. 26.—@)—Op- eration of the child health clinic, launched here nearly five vears ago by the commonwealth fund of New York, has been a complete success, according io information received here from the fund offices. This is the first of four demon- strations carried 0 . in various cities of the country, tc be completed and its success is expected to make this city a model, with regard to public health work, for other cities of its size in the nation A report received here from head- quarters of the commonwealth fund in New York gives the history of the Fargo experiment and its re- sults. The report, in brief, follows: Five years ago tomorrov. the fund offered to subsidize, in a small mid- stern city, a complete public health program looking to the im- provement of the health of mothers and children and Fargo was chosen out of 29 applicants as a center for this demonstration. Since January 1, 19: a steff employed by the Fund has been heiping local authori- ties to develop :.i.d tie together the work of the health commissioner, the pul schools, the Ked Cross and the Tuberculosis Association, with the cooperation of physicians and dentists, in such a way that the child’s health is safeguarded from birth through the school years. City to Carry on Program “The city commission and board of educavion have now voted to car- ry on all the essentials of this pro- gram and finance it out of local tax funds. During 1928 Fargo, a city of approximately 26,000 population, will have a full-time healih officer, with a full-time dairy and food in- spector and a clerk; a_ part-time school physician; six public health nurses; and a full-time health edu- cator who supervises kealth teach- ing in the sch Js. “The support of a school dentist is temporarily shared by the school board and Re? Cross, This staff, unusually complete for a city of this size, has been built up during the last five years. In 1922, before the demonstration, there were only a part-time city physician, an in- spector, and two nurses doing spe- cial and limited work. “The total community budget for public health i the fiscal year 1927- 28 will be $40,300, This, which in- cludes the main.:rance of a city isolation hospital nearly double the budget for similar puroses in 1922, which was $20,663. The per capita outlay for public health has risen from 88 cents in 1922 to $1.40 in 1928, “As soon as ti.e permanent or- ganizaiion is complete, the demon- * sm active articipa*‘on in health work in ‘argo. /. skeleton staff will be have risen from the humblcs’ origin | maintained until tie end of the five- to the highest places of honor and |ye2r Period, December 31 1927, to influence in this republic is one of |Siye advice “nd arsistance as nee*nd, our proudest heritages. The pathway of history has been strewn with wrecks that against the danger of class con- usness and class activity. class legislation. Many of the true stories of the is the latest example of the para- zing results of class agitation and “The plan now in force in Fargo has been officially approved by the county medical society and involves close cooperation * ‘tween private Rus-| Physicians, dentists and the public health wor! While th- school board and the health commissior >r divide the cost of the nurs r. they will work as a unit unde ° direction warn rapid promotion of individuals in|f the healih cfficer and each nurse, this country read like romances be- within her separate district, will cause of the adherence to the law |Sive all types of aursing service. of mutual interest and the principle “Public health services i- Fargo of individual responsibility for in-|beein with tre expectant mother, dividual product and avoidance of class consciousness, who is regularly visited by a nurse working under tl - direction of the famliy physicias wh s charge of COMMONWEALTH FUND CHILD HEALTH CLINIC IS SUCCESSFUL AT FARGO the case. As soo as a baby is old enough, the mother is urged to take it to her physician for regular, fre- quent examinations. Provide Health Centers “Health centers are provided to which well babies and small chil- dren may be brought for a medical examination, The nurses continue to keep in touch with ‘he child, and when he enters school he is given a medical examination by the school physician. These examinations aro repeated at intervals throughout. the grades, with a nurse and the child’s teacher and whenever possible the child’s parent present to hear the doctor’s recommendations. s “Whenever conditions that require medical care are found, the child is referred to his family physician and the parents are urged to attend to the need at once. School children are inspected daily and those with any indications of communicable dis- ease, including common colds, are sent home. “In all the grades of the public and parochial schools the teachers work systematically to establish good health habits. The younger children keep a daily record of their success in observing the important health rules. Produce dealers re- port that Fargo consumes ten times as.much spinach now as b-fore the schools started to teach the value of green vegetables. “All children in the schools have a dental examination once a year, and are urged to go to their family dentists for fillings, extractions and other needed treatment. Free care for those needing it is provided at a public clinic. i “In Fargo in 1926 three babies out of every ten were examined by a public health physician, and seven out of every ten were visited by a nurse. Six out of every ten children over one year of age were visited by a nurse. Six out of every ten school children had a medical exam- ination, and half of all the *-milies in the city were visited at least once during the year by one of the nurses. Since the demonstration began in 1923 its physicians have averaged 4,400 medical examinations «f babies and children every year, and the nurses have made about 15,000 visits annually. ‘ “In a recent survey of all que health work in the city, Dr. W. F. Walker, fiela director of the Ameri- can Public Healti association, gave Fargo a rating of 814 points out of a possible 1000. This is an increase of 150 per cent over the score for 1922, Dr. DeKleine Is Director “Dr. William DeKleine has been director of the Fargo demonstra- tion since 1925, succeeding Dr. Wil- liam J. French, now director of the Commonwealth Fund child health rogram in Austria, Dr. B. K. Kilbourne is city health officer. The Fargo demonstration, together with three others now in progress in Clarke County, Ga., Rutherford County, Tenn., and rion County,. Ore., has been administered for the Commonwealth Fund by the Child Health Demonstration Committee. oe C. Smith, general director of the Fund, is chairman; Dr. Philip Van Ingen, New York, treasurer and Courtenay Dinwiddie, formerly gen- eral executive of the American Child Health association, director. Among its members are Living ston Farrand, president of Cornell university; Dr. W. F. Draper, United States public health service; Dr. Samuel McClintock Hamill, Philadel- phia; L. D. Coffman, president of the University of Minnesota; Dr. Donald B. Armstrong, Metropolitan Life Insurance company; Sally Lucas Jean, New York, and Ella Phillips Crandall, New York. Try our modern high pres- sure greas.ng service for all cars. Prices reasonable.— Short Stop Station. Come To See the New Telephone Building September 27 and 28 The extensive improvements in Bismarck’s telephone system have been completed and all of the new equipment now is in operation. While you are always welcome at the tele- phone office, a special effort is being made to have our patrons visit the new building, September 27 and 28 from 1 to9 p.m. Guides will be on hand to show you through, point out things of interest and answer questions. We believe you will be interested in seeing how the operators handle your calls and how Bismarck’s new telephone equipment is used in serving you. Bring and your friends with you—they NOX.THWESTERN BELL @® TELEPHONE COMPANY MERCER COUNTY LIGNITE Screened Lump, per ton delivered. $3.85 Furnace Size, per ton delivered $3.60 MERCER COUNTY LIGNITE is a hot and clinkerless coal. Give it a trial and be convinced. Occident Elevator Company — Phone 11 .