The Bismarck Tribune Newspaper, June 24, 1926, Page 1

‘ ray ty i i feat * WEATHER FORECASTS day; not much change. —_—___—— ESTABLISHED 1878 ‘CIVILIZATION CAME TOSTATE ONRATLROAD Much to Do With North Dakota Development ‘TO CELEBRATE SUNDAY Speakers at Custer Memorial Exercises to Review the State’s Advancement -» Civilization rode into North Dakota, on_the railroad, Even as late 1870, nine years after Dakota Territory had been or- ganized, the population was but 2,400, mainly traders along the river routes who sold goods to the forts for a livelihood. The ‘age, protected by treaty, was sovereign. Thirteen years later the Atlantic id. Pacific had been linked with rails of steel; the Indians had been subdued and were living peaceably on reservations; set- tlers were rapidly claiming the “pra: for their own, The progress of the past half cen- tury in North Dakota. de possi ble because of the r i reviewed at the Custer ercises at’ old Fort Ab: coln, miles south of idan, next Sunday afternoon. Prominent rail- road officials, representatives of the war department, and speakers of na: tional note will be present to ji North Dakotans in the exercises. Rail Route Was Imperative The gold rush to California i: 1849, which made a transcontinental ytail route imperative; the invention of farm machinery and the schism between the north and south all con- tributed to Western expansion, As early as 1863 men were dreaming of an overland route to Oregon and Cal- ifornia and being scoffed at for their folly. The survey made under the direction of Governo: , Stevens in 1855, however, crystallized these dreams into a reality. Edwin F. Johnson, a civil engineer, mupped out a plan on which Thomas H. Canfield was able to get a char- , ter from the government which gave “the Northern Pacific railway, in lieu of money, every other section of land over an irregular strip eighty miles wide extending ftom St. Paul to Seattle. Stock sales were secured this land. “Inthe ‘pente 878 the road was saved by its land wales after it faced disaster in the failure of the Jay Cooke company, which financed the building of the road. The road was begun 20 miles west of Superior, Wisconsin, crossing the Mississippi river at Brainerd, Minn., coming through Fargo. to, Bismarck ,, Which marked its terminal for six “years until its reorganization in 1879. The eastern and western ends of the road were joined in 1883 when the last spike was nailed at Garrison, Montana, by President Villard of the (Continueé on page tnres.) CHANGE IS PERMANENT. NEW. THOUGHT IS SCARCE. IS MARRIAGE FADING? PREPARNG TO LIVE. BY ARTHUR BRISBANE. (Copyright, am) Someone suggested to Henry Ford that the automobile eventually would' be mechanically perfect and beyond > »improvement. Ford's excellent reply was, “No, there is nothing permanent in the world except change.” ~ ‘The German peet put it: “Nichts is dauernd als der wechsel, nichts bestaending wls der tof” ' (Only change is enduring, only death permanent.) i Every positive statement gerous. A wise agnostic s: affirm nothing, not even that I > affirm nothing. : Twice two are four, no matter what Einstein, y say later on. Two right angles equal.any triangle. No change there. And death: is“no “permanent” than tomorrow.. only another day, For ys: “I am optimistic, because I' believe people generally know what is wrong,” **That is wisdom and original. The International New Thought Al- )vlianee, with 10,000 delegates, is hoid- ing its thifteenth annual convention in New York. Nothing more import- ant than new thought; all progress comes of it. Nothing more common than the hallucination that we are thinking @ new way. Nothing ‘more rare than a thought really new. hs Capes ad: ‘Our thous grows::out of old thought as forests grow:out of dead tae An old thargee irprises us; we think it new. The ey is bothered by geniuses seeking to patent old ideas, bg A real new ‘thought is known by ‘fhe unanimity with which it is re- jected. When 10,000 @an discuss new thought and not tear other's bale, 708 may be sure the thought is old. — H. G. Wells diseusses marri asks, “Are you for or sgainst abol- ishing it?” Wells thinks: that mar- raviage survives largd@ly because of what he calls “the impudent intoler- ance of our intellectusily and morall: discredited religious organisstio: ‘Marriage and religion are “fadin, ct A eras ito. Weis and ofheres incere, */Vegk, 22088 wn sage them of jony a fs wil life? and of ‘au; am" {Continued om Partly cloudy tonight and Fri- CUSTE 4 apend was in Edi both. ing to but not se: gna” religion "are inet, baring Tilinois Solon in Rochester Hospital Rochester, Mian:, Jane 24—UP)-- A much improved condition was shown during the night ee Charles 19° years old, of Belvide gressmen from the | physicians reported today. Congressman Fuller wa: on Monday and ported grave un LEGION POSTS WANT STATE OFFICES HERE Delegates Will ProposeChange at State Convention at Dickinson The Lloyd Spetz post, American Legion, of Bismarck and other Le- jgion posts in the western part of the state will make a determined effort at the state Legion convention at Dickinson next month to bring the permanent state headquarters of the Legion to Bismarck. If the movement is successful and the organization's state offices are moved to the Cap- ital City, office space will be provid- ed for the officials in the Memorial building on the state capitol grounds. ‘At the present time state headquar- ters are maintained at the residence of the state adjutant. These have been at Fargo for several years in- ‘asmuch as Jack Williams, present ad- jutant, resides there. Delegates Elected At a special meeting of the local post last night the following were ates from the post to the state meeting, which is scheduled for July 15, 16 and. 1 Thomas J. ‘Burke, Dr. W. E. Cole, R. J. Kamp- lin, Zohn Musolf, C. J. Lynch, E. F. Trepp and H. T. Murphy. Alternates named are Dr. L. E. Huschka, C. E. Knydtson, John Bowers, Philip} Webb, A. C. Brainard, Melvin Steen id George Haugen, : A program of unusual interest ‘is ‘being arranged for the Dickinson meeting, and speeches will be given by John R. McQuigg, national com- meander; Col. Hanford MecNider, as- nt secretary of war and former national commander; and others na- tionally prominent in Legion circle The entertainment program cludes a trip to the Bad Lands aboard a special. train from Dickinson. ‘ pos! operat is condition was tr today. i Officers. of the Bismarck urge all Legionnaires to attend the atgte meeting, and it is likely hat a latge number of local members will go to Diekinson in addition to the official delegates. OMAN, HANGED FOR MURDER OF HER LANDLADY Mother of Three} Children, One of Them a Baby, Pays. Supreme Penalty, Manchester, England, June 24.—() —Inside the ‘gray walls of. Strange- way jai, a womah: mother of three children, one of them a baby— ‘was ha Mrs. cuted for strangling her’ landlady, Mrs, Lily Waterhouse, and then rol we her. ‘bousands-of persons had petition- ed the home secretary, Sir William Joynson, Hicks, for clemency. Sir| William said he found no ground which would fatty him in advising the -king to interfere with the due course of the law. Among the most energetic in circulating petitions was Mrs, Calvert’s~husband, from whom she was separated at the time of the murder, The last execution of a woman tn 1928, when Mrs. ith Thompson, convicted with Richard F. Bywaters, was, hanged for’ complicity, in the murder of her hus- band. ‘Although Mrs. Calve sect maintained the eleventh she crime just before being led to the scaffold. The condemned woman saw baby boy Monday was visited 6 sever r usbai ni cere bade ¥ is visit and wag over- his mother. Garage Owner to Spend Vacation With Rodeo Crew Hee Alt Bs owner, left this morning for the Killdeer, Soumtains in a modern This is Mr, Mill- ling his vacation, WOULD EAT LEG’ ’ paris A negro-king of x Congo fentiy anf Underwent ampatstion ‘of i Wein eee pe a low: the operation, the king is said Custe: al way of apetd (BEING HUNTED iged this morning. Z ise Calvert, 33, was exe- cirele dot brand of} cha: THE BIS: ’ ANNIVER BISMARCK, NORTH DAKOTA, THURSDAY, JUNE 24, 1926 SARY EVANGELIST’S ij KIDNAPERS ARE |Nexican Federal Troops and Cochise County Posses’ Continue Search HOUSE IS NOT LOCATED Sheriff Says Woman’s Cloth- ing Shows No Signs of Al- leged Wanderings Douglas, Arizona, June 24.—UP)-— The search for the two men and a woman who .Mrs, Aimee Sempic Mc: Pherson, Los Angeles evangelist, says kidn her at Ocean Park, Calif., on May 18, and held her captive in Mexico until she escaped Tuesday, was continued through the desolate country south of the international boundary today. Mrs. McPherson is in a hospital here, where she was brought yester- day morning. She related that two men and a woman had drugged her ut the beach and that she was uncon- scious until the next di when she awakened in a shack somewhere in Mexico, Later she was moved to an- other house and escaped while the three were absent, sawing her bind- ngs against a can, She said she wandered all night on the desert un- til she arrived at Agua Prieta, across the begat & from here, early yes- terday morning when she was found by an American and brought to the hospital here. Clothing Not Damaged Yesterday Mexican federal troops and Cochise county posses searched the country whence Mrs. McPherson said she came but were unable to find a trace of the hous Sheriff James F. McDonald, of Cochise coun- ty, announced that he had possession of Mrs. McPherson’s clothing and shoes and that they were not damag- ed when she was taken to the hospi- tal. The country through which she said she wandered all night is rug- ged und covered with mesquite, cac- tus and cat’s claw. No evidence of having come through the desert wastes appeared on the ‘clothing or: shoes of the evangelist, the sheriff said. At the same time Chief of Police Percy Bowden and Mayor A. E. Hin- ton of Douglas expressed their be- lief that the story told by Mrs. Me- Pherson was correct. A. B. Murchison, .sergeant of the Douglas police, has announced tirat his department has “certain clues to identify the location of the ubduc- tors of the evangelist,” and that the search would be continued today. |. From the diagram drawn by Mrs. , McPherson, it has been estimated (that she traveled about 20 miles dur-! ing the night. Posses and Me: troops have thrown a cordon around) | this area and hope that they will ington Expre sengers lost their live: man of the expr he most disastrous passenger wrecks in re cent Railroad crashed into the Pittsburgh-Washingten Express at G At the extrem hows* the stigation indicates the e LETTER FROM | POLICE CHIEF ISINTRODUCED Pittsburgh Officer Is Alleged to Have “Instructed” Members of Force Washington, June 24—(AP)—A let- {find the place described by the! evangelist where she was held captive by the three persons. Describes Her Abductors Mrs. McPhersin has given descrip- tions of the three but says she never} saw them before they abducted her and has no idea as to their identity. One man she said was called “Steve” other “Felipe, and the “Rose.” Joe Ryan of Los Angeles, deputy district attorney, is en route from Los Angeles ufder instructions from District Attorney Asa Keyes to in-| vestigate the alleged kidnaping “to bottom.” District Attorney Keyes id he could not understand “how woman like Mrs. McPherson, known almost all over the civilized world, could be kidnaped from a crowded beach in broad daylight.” id he pen investt- woman ward posted for the e return, 12, The investigation was madi (Continued on page thre: B ¢€ Temperature at 7a. m. Highest yesterday . Lowe: it night Precipitation to 7 a. m. . Highest wind velocity Weather conditions at kota points for the 24 at 8a.m. today: + fas 16 North Da- ours ending Amenia .... BISMAR' Bottineau’ Devils Lake Dickinson Dunn Center . Ellendale . + 8b Grand Forks .... Jamestown . eogekgocce 68 ‘Moorhead, Minn. . 82 WEATHER FORECAST For Bismarck. and vicinity: cloudy tonight and Friday; not inge in temperature, ‘For North Dakot tonight and Frida; in temperature. 46 48 he S eee Maid eatery nt the Ul ir Great jon is morn- ing but no well defined low or high evant which was ‘withdrawn June| te [Weather Report || T| vice?” to vote for the Peppe: The world's largest freight stearher, was launched from the-yards of the Midian building company. e Glenmohr is ee feet ‘2 feet. -| was built for the ter in which Peter P. Walsh, Pitt burgh superintendent of police, “in- structed” members of the force th “wo expect a large mapority in the respective disricts for the Pep} Fisher ticket” in the recent Penn: vania primary was produced today before the senate campaign funds commission. The letter was read by Chairman Reeg, after Walsh himself, called to the stand as a surprise. witness, had insisted that no one asked him to sup- port the Pepper-Fisher coalition, and that he made no effort to “line up the force” for the nomination of Sen- ator Pepper and the eléction of John &. Fisher for governor. The police superintendent acknowl- edged his signature at the end of the letter, but said it had been sent only to the detective bureau. Large Majority Wanted As read by Chairman Reed, the let- ter addressed to the chief of de- ctives and sa: “With reference to the attached list of employes under your command you will instruct them that we expec a large majority in their respective ‘icts for the Pepper-Fisher ticket tomorrow.” When he“had read the letter, Reed sked: a “Do you want to tell the committee now that vou did not mean to send the police into this campaign to work for the Pepper-Fisher ticket?” “No, sir, I did not, Walsh. Denies Violating Law Senator King, Democrat, Utah, drew from Walsh the statement that he had talked to individual pol men, told them he was for the Pep- per-Fisher ticket, and said he hoped they could see th ray to go along. But the witness insisted he had not directed the police how to vote. “You are not Aig frank with this committee,” King finally said. ‘I’m as frank I can be," police chief protested. “The police are under civil the er “Then you knew you were violat- ing the letter and the spirit of the law -when you instructed the polic how to vote, arid should be removed ? “No sir, I lating the law as I only asked them “Eisher ticket.” Largest. Freight Steamer Launched Midland, Ontario, ‘June 24.—U)-— Glenmohr, regarded as the in Ge orgian y sterd: d Ship- draft, 70 foot @ car ing capacity Bhe eh beam and 15,000 ton: portation company. f tee pany. id not think I was vio-} th, Mundelein, Hl, June 24—(AP) | The Eucharistic ceremonies here this afternoon were disrupted by thé heaviest rain storm in many months. Hail and rain which began to fall at 3 o'clock sent hundreds of thousands scurrying for shelter. Mundelein, TL, June 24—(®)—In nakidre’s great; sanctuary, flooded by a brilliant sua and fringed with ver- dant trees and shrubs, the last rites of the 28th international Eucharistic Congress were’ celebrated today be- fore throngs numbered in hundreds of thousands, Before 4 huge altar canopied in sitk and velvet, overlooking from the ‘ of a graas carpeted hill, the two- mile kweep of St. Mary’s Lake, Card- jinal Bonzano, the legate of Pope Pius XI, celebrated solemn pontifical mass under the fuirest skies of the con- &ress sessions, After the benediction the Euch- aristic procession, more than three }miles long, filed through a parted sea of humanity in .the climatic pageantry of the five-day religious festival. At 5.o’clock this morning, when the first special train left C ago, more than 50,000 people already were on the dew-covered grounds of the cloist- ered seminary of St. Mary's-of-the- Lake and long lines of pilgrims clog- wide roads in eyery direction for everal miles. On other roads, thou- sands of automobiles moved in slow procession to the scene. Four rail- roads unloaded thousands before 7 o'clock and special trains moved up to the seminary gate in almost an unbroken line. Many Spend Night on Grounds Many pilgrims had spent the night on the seminary grounds, or camped in nearby fiel in tents, automo- biles, and beneath the stars. “In the great sanctuary before the seminary chapel, the mass was cele- e-| brated in a setting of color, pomp, and splendor rivaling that of the richest page of medieval history. From a cloudless sky, the sun shone brilljantly upon red, gold and white banners which fluttered before the .12 scarlet-draped cardinals’ thrones.. Above the thrones, heavy | garlands of Inurel brought the ver jure of nature to the altar. Far ‘below, like an amethyst set in old silver, sparkled St. Mary's Lake to'which were carried the intonations of the celebrants and the chants amd Ayzans of the choir. '6 thé right’ of the altar the throne of en 7 Papal legate stood out like ie is of a king, and flanking it at angles and on either side of the altay rose ‘the thrones of the 11 other princes of the church. rdinal Bonzano’s throne was ele- vated ie aug ned up to it over daz- steps lay a carpet of ‘ cardinals’ thrones were erect- ed side by side, five on one side of the. all six on the other, in a ied gallery. Red plush ith gold covered the gal- and the tei ateps leading to them ‘were completely carpeted with red. An Picture the ca: were the green ing benches of « the fi a; and still farther down the hilton ''s miniature p were the he year) nuns.’ Beyond 8 of laity, silent i adoration’ befare’ the ‘entrancing ia d,. the “Catholic; IR ce heh ger ane ers Below 8 par Station, Pé e ngine {tribute to the blessed their faith. grave! ground: inding p highways of in ever swelli habited monks, nuns i white were mingled witl the once-in-a-lifetime them. High above all was the by a cross that, ed gold. Befor glittering water: morning breeze. was packed solidly two the services: began, police and. ngtonal parently wéfe7éxperi difficulty in directing Automobiles were not pe! throngs moved freely grounds. and the clergy area. More than 2,500 men grounds and the ways. Fourteen hundred n: and’ 100 state highway county authorities in throngs. An hour in advance ning of the mass near! the railings of the whi stretching Spectators, not one of catch the smallest glim ceremonies. Neverthcle tion of the crowd waited t could be’ witnessed cession after the mass. ight can be seen the demolishe ‘© derailed loco motives of the limited and at the left can be seen part of the last Pull- r of the limited failed to notice signal flares of the express. monsignori, Three miles of rope in sev- eral strands marked off the sanctuary contiguous around to the rear {back of the chapel was black The Chicago-Gineinna i) about 50 mile stopped to repair a coupling hose and the limited,, fol lowing close behind, ploughed intu press and the ciub car of the limited were telescoped. The picture al s. Preliminary HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS GATHER:AT MUNDELEIN FOR FINAL RITES OF 28TH INTERNATIONAL EUCHARISTIC CONGRESS sacrament of They crowded and pushed along the he ng seminary numbers, places where they could under es. and along the flowered brown in black and sh soldiers in , but the majority of the spectators scorn- ed such trifles as sunburn or sun-' stroke and gave themselves only to scene before A Beautiful Setting church pointing the eyes of the thousands of pilgrims to the skiés and topped in the looked as though wrought of b the crowd of the I Mary surrounded by undulating hill- sides of green sward and of leafy groves that swayed gently sunlight, rnish- of St. in the “A conerete pier extending into the lake squarely in front of the chapel hours before Traffic Well Handled Despite the ,treméndous crowd, the the traffic. rmitted with- in a mile of the seminary and the in the vast patrolled the high- ional guards- men, more than 600 Chicago po! police aided moving the nf the begin- 1 ‘ith whom could pse of the this por- ently for in the pro- Want Glimpse of Ostensorium One of the chief things which the crowds of pilgirms/were most apxious to catch sight of was the sorium, which had been cially from Rome to silver osten- brought spe- inclose thé Eucharist in the final services. So richly ornamented was the silver réceptacle that its weight sary ® supporting brand around the scarlet cape Bonzano multitude to ad wafer within. so made that not on! the made neces- to be passed of Cardinal he held it aloft for the consecrated @ ostensorium was ly was the Eucharist protected’ from every pos- sible harm, but was also exposed, to the full view of the ands that bowed as it passed/in the course, ‘A half-hour before the = ‘shipping thou- nd knelt detore 1 It before it Processional mass. began, semi-circle a half official announcer of the congress declared that between ? * 1 persons were on y_ the foot of | and: -ittsburgh Limited of east of Pitt: T Three sle steel club car in which five pas- the Penn- the Wash. BISMARCK 10 HAVE PART IN Two Programs Are Arranged Locally For American In- dependence Week its part in the n of American Independence tio khaki and sprpliced vriests in the|Week, June 28 to Jul rding early thrones of lay pilgrims. (ee M ence Y c __At 8 o'clock, footholds for stand-'Tinrary and. has ing room were at a premium for isan of the local commites ueres on either side of the chapel. Of ar, Rate CORRS eoloientan In the greut throngs, umbrellas were |" Justice John’ Burke hes beck ap: raised against the burning sun, pointed by M rs. Davis as treasurer, Other committee appointments will be given out later. The purpose of the, celebration is two fold. The first ‘purpose is to bring back to. the minds of the American pe: the importance of the declaration of independence. The second purpose is to do honor to the ;author of the declaration, Thomas Jefferson, Two Anni ‘saries s The two purposes coincide strangely. The week will commemorate the one |hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the. adoption of the declaration of independence, and the 100th anniver- sary of the death of Thomas Jeffer- son. President Calvin Coolidge is the national head of the committee in charge of the work. During independence week, it is oped that the people of the United tates will make offerings to the und being raised to restore Jeffer- son’s home, Monticello, and keep it hereafter as a national patriotic shrine, Mrs. Stuart G. the of- jficers of the Thomas Jefferson Me- G0 ON TRIAL AT ELK RIVER js Charged With Making t False Reports—Other Sim- ilar Cases to Follow Elk River, inn., June 24.—(®)— A. J, Praxel of Lamberto: former president of the defunct State Bank of Becker, will go to trial probably late today on charges of making false reports to the state banking de- partment, in connection with the closing of the institution. Praxel’s trial was sc! this morning, but was de! other ¢: The trial of Praxel will be the first of a dozen trials for former bankers scheduled to take place in Sherbourne and Wright counties within the next immediately after Praxel’s gase is concluded, Soe We Strand, Minneapo- lis_promoter, wl go on trial ‘on charges of embezzlement. Pacing one bap to those agai xel are J, J, Hasti er Nonpartisan leader in Nor Dakota; H. I. Hines of Minn lis and Roy H.-Com | Regma rd the Becker bank. bank wi josed last July. ” Se TSE aR SS RA CK. TRIBUNE [miom] CELEBRATION PRICE FIVE CENTS OBSERVANCE OPENS TODAY © VETERANS OF INDIAN WAR ON BATTLE FIELD Enemies of Former Years Mingle to Recall Incidents of Fifty Years Ago AFFAIR ENDS SUNDAY Scene of Battle Is Trans- formed Into Typical Fron- tier Army, Post Crow Agence: » Mont., June 24—(AP) —With enemies of former mingling arm in arm on the battle- field where 560 years ago the Sioux and Cheyenne annihilated General Custer's immediate command, the semicentennial observance of the Bat- tle of the Little Big Horn started here today. The celebration ends Sunday. Grizzled veterans of wars, present troops Cavalry and. bra’ tribes who wer famous battle, \dered over the field where Custer’s men fought to the last man against the on-rushing hordes of Sioux and Cheyenne. Godfrey Atte Chief among the veterang of the Battle of the Little Big Horn who are in attendance at the ceremonics is Generel E. S. Godfrey, who command- ed troop K, a part battalion at the battle. nal chairman of the Custer Memorial asso: ion. He was joined here by W. Slaper of Los Angeles and Freemon Klipp of Wash- ington, D\ C., who participated in the battle that day. 4 Seven veterans who served with ‘Custer also here from their homes in northwestern states, Many Indians There are numerous Indians here who fought in the hattle 60 years ago. Two of the most noted, White Horse, 90, and Black Whetstone, 84, Chey- ennes, now are blind. The agency has been transformed into a teeming frontier army post, with the wrinkled Sioux, Cheyenne and Crow warriors plodding about, gazing silently at the trim troopers of the Seventh Calvary, or warmly greeting their former companions or enemies, the retired army offic While the anniversary of the ti] of Little Big Horn falls on Frida the celebration, and feasts may co tinue for several day Indians sel- dom leave such gat! 8 When the scheduled program ends. DAWES’ VOTE MAY DECIDE WNARY BILL ‘Proponents and Opponents Both Claim Vice President Is on Their Side MEPS TS ee, Washington, June 24— (AP)--The McNary farm relief bill was killed in the senate this afternoon by a vote of 45 to 39. Washington, June 24—(AP)— Nearing a final vote on the Mc- Nary farm relief bill, the senate late today rejected, 45 to 39, a substitute by Senator Robinson of Arkansas, the Democratic leader, proposing creation of a $200,000,000 export corporation to loan money to farmers. Unlike the MeNary: bill, the substitute carried no provision for an equalization fee. the Indian 's of the Seventh sof the Indian victorious in the of Benteen’s Washington, June 24—(P)—As the showdown of ‘ballots on the McNary equalization fee proposal approached today, the division of senators over this plan of farm relief was so closely balanced that consideration was be- ing given to the possibility that vi nt Dawes might be called the deciding vote. Each side, while working desperate- ly for recruits among the little group of doubtful senators, claimed’ this potential ballot. The vice president, Proponents of the measure pointed out, is one of the few’ economists d with the administration approved the principles in- through his endorsement of the opinion written by Sir Jos , noted English economist, hold- m sound. t, if called upon to break * a deadlock, he would vote with th They also prenices that, if the m ure should be passed by the. seni and be approved by the house; Presi- dent Coolidge would veto it, Pro- ponents, on the other hand, said that, despite the adverse opinions of Secre- taries Mellon, Hoover and Jardine, (Continued on page three.) (Mercury readings ‘ weg? aaa 51 St. Cloud—Clear, Minot-