The Bismarck Tribune Newspaper, May 31, 1924, Page 1

WEATHER FORECASTS For Bismarck a i settled Sunday. ESTABLISHED 1873 Un- . THE BISMARCK TRIBUNE [eam] BISMARCK, NORTH H AEE SATURDAY, MAY 31, 1924 PRICE FIVE CENTS TWO CONFESS CHICAGO BOY’S MURDER GIBBONS SEEN (HOW NOTED ALIENIST CONSTRUCTED MIND PICTURE OF BOY’S MURDERER AS WINNER IN BATTLE TODAY Betting Favors Him Only By a Slight Odds, However, as Contest Nears ‘FEAR GEORGES’ PUNCH St. Paul Boy Must Evade Ter- rific Right Hand Blows of The Frenchman City, Ind. May 31,— Georges pentier, ring idol of France, boxes in America for the third time today when the meets Tom Gibbons of St. Paul, the only boxer to stay the limit with Jack Dempsey, world’s heavyweight cham- pion, in a 10-round international contest to be decided late this afternoon in the sky blue arena on the eastern cdge of this little city. The former world's — light-heavy- weight champion making his Amer- ican debut in 1920 with a spectac ular victory over Battling Levinsky then to suecumb to the terrific punches of Jack Dempsey, in the famous “battle of the century” a year later, faces his physical and boxing equal this afternon in what promises to be a thrilling duel of fists between two of the hardest hit- ting and cleverest light —heavy- weights in the world, The betting odds today favored Gibbons, a master boxer, to win newspaper decision in the event the contest goes the limit. There was considerable betting at even money that the contest would ter- minate in a knockout within seven rounds, with the sentitment as to the victor urtler those circumstan- ces about evenly divided. Opinion Divided The majority of the newspaper writers believe that Gibbons, if he succeeds in evading Carpentier’s dangerous right-hand blow for four or five rounds, would be returned the winner. The impression prevails among the experts that Gibbons, in- stead of intending to fight Carpen- tier at close range, probably would elect to box him and rely on wear- ing him down, tiring him out and make him the target -for a finishing blow in the final round. Both boxers, however, have prom- ised an aggressive contest. Carpen- tier knows no other style. The French boxer, is noted for his tac- tics in carrying the fight to his op- ponent, always watching for an op- portunity to sneak over his right- hand punch which almost dropped Jack Dempsey Carpentier, in his training, continually lashed out with this. blow and crowded into his spar- ring mates, indicating that he in- tends to keep as close as possible to Gibbons instead of ‘allowing the Sashy St. Paul boxer to keep him at a safe distance with his famous left hand. Weather condit ently today were ideal for the coutest. It was sunny and warm at 8 o'clock with an almost cloudless sky anda gentle breeze from the north off Luke Michigan, Under these weather conditions the main event this afternoon is expected to start between 3 and 4 p. m., Central Standard Time. the preliminaries beginning at 2 o'clock. Stribling There Among the early arrivals of fis- tic notables were Young Stribling of Atlanta, Ga. with “Pa” and “Ma” for an introduction’ to the famous French light-heavyweight. They spent an hour at his camp last night. Gibbons and Carpentier were up early today ready for their intr duction to each other and the phys: cal examination und weighing. With the arrival of the firgt special trains from Chicago, dumping its load of boxing fans, Michigan City awaken- ed into full life prepared to handle a crowd of at least 30,000. Just at daybreak battered flivvers commen- ced pouring into town, discharg- ing the first thousands. MOTHER AND ‘CHILD BURNED IN DICKINSON Dickinson, N. D., May 31.@Burns, caused by an explosion resulting when a fire in a laundry stove was kindled by gasoline, proved fatal for Mrs. John Friend and her young- st son, Alfred George, three, at »* Joseph's hospital where they were rushed immediately following the: tragedy. The explosion occurred when the mother attempted/to kindle a fire in a laundry stove in the basement of the home at 401 Fifth Avenue West as she prepared to do the family washing. She had deseended to. the basement, placed fuel in the stove and poured oil for kindling over it, not noticing that the can contained gasoline instead of kerosene which had always been used, As had been her usual custom she permitted the child .to apply the match. As he did so the oil charged flames shot out through the grate and enveloped his body, In a fran- tic effort to save her child, the mother grasped the boy and held him tight to her breast. The flames wickly spread burning all the Sothing off both and consuming the flesh except where protected by) the shoes, Michigan slightly “GEORGE JOHNSON” Editors Note—This interesting de-} duetion of the kind of person who killed Robert Franks was received by The Tribune this morning, It was written before young Leopold, suid | to have confessed the crime was sus- peeted. A large part of it, it is in- dicated by wire reports of the confes- sion, is a remarkably true hypotheti- cal construction of the type who killed the boy. BY GEORGE BRITT NEA Service Writer Chicago, May 31—The mysterious! “George Johnson,” who kidnaped and killed 13-year-old Robert Franks, hid| his nude body in a lonely swamp and wrote a polished letter deman $10,000 from the boy’s wealthy father| was, in every move, registering aj photograph of himself, To develop this murky, spotted negative into a lifelike image is a] task for the skilled alienist. It is; herewith essayed by Dr. William 0. Krohn, who has examined more than 25,000 psychopathic cases and testi-| fied as an expert in scores of famous! trials. “The criminal, in the first place, was a paranoiac rather than a per- vert,” says Dr. Krohn. Educated, Ambitious “Such a man is most among educated classes. He has narrow, deepset eyes and pointed chin, sagging mouth and ‘high fore- head. He noses right into every- common body's business, yet suffers keenly ri from rebuffs and ‘injuries. “He is ambitious, either exalted in spirit or heavily depressed, and is easily exhausted. In his recent an- cestry someone died of a wasting disease, such as tuberculos “Born with a weakness within his being, he came to strain and cracked. He is # monomoniae, per- fectly normal. in every respect but one. “He knew his deed was wrong and had the will power to choose yes or No. He is legally sane, but mentally insane. He broods over his troubics and imagines himself a martyr’? Not a Moron Such is the man who set Chicago's best detectives to groping on their most intensive man hunt, caused th greater part of the fz of the fashionable Harvard be grilled in police stations and plunged a mother into collapse. Such a man, however, c with himself after his crime, ing to Dr. Krohn. “He will eitier talk and give himself away or com- mit suicide, “Robert Franks himself is the principal reason the motive could not | been that of a moron,” says Dr. Krohn. “His father used to have his office in the sume building with .me. The! boy would come into the barber shop | for a haircut while I was getting shaved, and I saw him often. | “He was small for his age, but vigorous, He was a scrapper, and if | he got into a corner he would fight! his way out. Money the Motive “If a moron was planning an at- (Continued on page 3) finot live JACK HINTGEN ESTABLISHES NEW 18-HOLE RECORD ON GOLF COURSE Jack Hintgen of Mandan ceiving the congratulations Bismarck golfers today. Hintgen yesterday made the nine holes of the Bismarck Town and Country Club in 37, which, is par for the course—theoretically perfect golf and the ambition of all golfers, Not only that but Hintgen just previously made the course in 38 which gave*him a score of 75 ‘for 18 holes—the lowest 18-hole score on the Bismarck course, Hintgen in his second round in which he made 37, had a birdie four on the first hole and birdie three on the eighth hole, and was one over on the seventh and ninth, which ‘gave him the par score, Other holes he is re- of ail JUVENILE BAND | sociation here this week that he had iF pand for INTELLIGENCE R EASILY DEPRESSED) SCORES HIT IN CONCERTS HERE Shows Marked Improvement in Second Civie Concert in Auditorium Band con- es of the well The second Juvenile cert given under the ausp Association of Commerce was received by a large house last ning at the Auditorium. This con- cert was a great improvement over their previous concert as they have gained not only in confidence but in volume. Under the able direction orlien they have progress- ly and show a_ decided se which is seldom found in bands having had so little experi- enc Benton Baker gave an address up- on “Our Juvenile Band” in which he stressed the point that the band is a community affair and as such should have a packed house showing that the community is backing its enterprises. The “Inspiration” Overture was an exceptionally well selected and rendered number which gave the d the opportunity to show some fine work in technique and fi The two popular numbers, “Indian Boy" and Albuera” were very well rendered. An Indian War cr: being the unusual note in the f selection and the use of the caste- nets giving the Spanish atmosphere to the last number, * Members of the Thursday M Club rendered some well received numbers. Mrs. J. A, Larson and Mrs. Bavendick rendered two vocal ‘duets and Henry Halverson — two vocal solos which were received with ovations. The proceeds amounted to $339.65 for both concerts which will carty the work for the summer and allow free concerts in the par The band is enjoying a picnic to- day after their weeks of practice which all attended so faithfully. The Devils Lake Plan E. P. Mann of Devils Lake told the orth Dakota Retail Merchants As just finished drive in was raised taking part in a Devils Lake where $2,500 to finance their boys ‘several months. Devils e has been ing several thou- sand dol ear for their Juve- nile Band. made in the par score listed on the score card, ord nine holes on the local , made by Ray Smith of Minot, but Hintgen’s 75 for two holes beats the course record by four strokes. Few golfers have made the local course in 37. Hintgen was state amateur eham- pion for 1921. Perfect weather yesterday, with the course in fine condition, brought out many golfers. In spite of the late spring unusual interest is being shown at the Bismarck Town and Country Club, and many new players. are out. Tom O’Leary, in charge of the course, is acting as instructor for new players. Many interesting golf events are planned for yd sea- son, (SOUTH DAKOTA FARMERS JOIN ON DAIRY TOUR h Will See Diversification Put Into Practice in North Dako& on Trip ROUTE OF THE TRIP Visits to New Salem and Flasher Are Planned as Part of the Tour which ly on Information has alre been put into successful practice farming ned by who ew Sa- 17, how to change from grain to diversification will be obt the several thousand farme plan to attend the Flasher-: lem-Mandan tour to be held June 18 and 19, Arrangements for the event are being made by County Agents R. C. Newcomer of Mandan and C. H. Will- son of Carson, members of the Flash- er and New Salem dai th H. Shepperd of the North Dakota Agricultural college and officers of the Northern Great Plains Field sta- tion at Mandan, and the commercial clubs of the three cities to be visit- ed 5 Visits will be 1 e to typical ms in the Flasher and New Salem dairy its and progr ill be held at cach place. The three-day tour will wind up at Mandan, whe the party will inspect the Great Plains field ticular attention will be p: pasture demonstrations which are be- ing conducted by John T. Sarvis i cooperation with J. H the North Dakota Agr lege. ultural col- Flasher Meeting John Lee Coulter, president of the college, will speak at lashe® meeting June 17 and ‘ew Salem meeting June 18, J. epperd will be on the program Salem and at Mandan the y. Other speakers who e in the entire tour include W. Randlett, director of the North Dakota Extension division; Director P. F. Trowbridge of the North Da- kota Experiment station; A. M, Chal- ley; A. G. Arvold (of the public speaking department and Dr. H. L. Walster, recently appointed dean of the school of agriculture at the col- lege. More than 300 South Dakota farm- ers are planning to make the tou and a number from Montana are expected to attend. The South Da- kota delegation will leave Lemmon Tuesday morning, June 17, and will be headed by W, F. Kumlien, direc- tor of extension, and H. M. Jones, South Dakota dairy specialist. South Dakota county agents who will bring delegations of farmers in- clude A, M. Eberle of Bison, Floyd F. Collins of Faith and L. .C, Lippert of Selby. Route of Tour The first stop will be made Tue day morning, June 17, at the Willia Vogel farm west of Flasher, and after that the will be visited. Dinn by the Ladies Aid societies in er and a program will be held there afterward, Following the program, # visit will be made to the Sawtell & Stowell farm north of Flasher and the party will return to Flasher for supper and to spend the night. An entertainment is being arranged for the evening. The following spent in an inspection of the fi of the memb of the New Salem dairy circuit, and a program will be held ut New Salem at 2 p.m, Wed nesday, June 18, In addition to those already mentioned, speakers at New Salem will include John Ch~ ansen and Charles Klusman, Jr lent and seeretary of the New ireuit; J. W. Haw, develop ‘gent of the Northern Pac'tic W. F. Reynolds, state dairy sioner, and Max Morgan of rmont creamery. Thursday, June 19, will be spent at Mandan, where the party will semble in the square at the North- ern Pacific depot and drive, out to the trial pastures which are three and one-half miles from town, lowing the inspection of the grazing trials, the party will proceed to the field station grounds and inspect the crop and tree trial plantings. A program will be held at 2:30 p. m. at the field station. CHILD ESCAPES SERIOUS INJURY Beach, N. D., May 81.—The four- year-old son of C. A. Halvorson, liv- ing three miles northwest of Beach, had a very narrow escape from death or permanent injury and has been in the local hospital since, but is hap- pily on the road to rapid recovery. It appears the little fellow was making candy on the kitchen stove when a dynamite cap, that Had got- ten into the coal, exploded, the cap flying out of the grate and entering the chest cavity of the boy. He was rushed to town and the wound probed, but it was deemed best to leave the missle where it was em- bedded ih the delicate tissue rather than operate further. The little fel- low is doing fine and will leave for home in a day or two none the worse for wear, but don’t want any more dynamite in his candy! i be 1s morning will Salem ment "|lars Vol-|® |ADJOURNMENT OF CONGRESS IS UNCERTAIN insistence Upon Farm Relief Bill Action, Other Meas- ures, Clouds Action ARY VOTE FAILS Objection Made to Vote Tues- day, Longworth Objects To Vote Next Week Washington, May 31, (By the A. P.) Notice was served in the House to. day by Representative Longworth the Republican leader, that he would use every means to postpone a vote on the MeNary-Hagen farm relief DIN until next week, He made this annianeement after objection had been made to his proposal for a vote on Tuesday, Adjournment Uncertain Washington, May 31—As the house moved a notch nearer a vote on the MeNary-Haugen farm relief bill, un- certainty as te whether congress will adjourn before the June pol:ti- cal conventions continued. Demands for favorable action on the measure or an acceptable substi- reclamation — relief. Musele sand the bill to abolish the railroad labor board were reiterated. and various representatives and sen- ators continued predictions that ad- journment might be blocked, but Re- publican leaders, particularly in the house, expressed confidence that de- velopements next week would pave the way for a windup of the session Saturday, Borah Sees President afternoon, Senator epublican, Idaho, who has insisting on disposition of legislation designed to afford relief to rttlers on reclamation projects. conferred with President Coolidge Later, the word went out from the White House that the — president hoped nothing would prevent ecn- gressional action on the prope now pending before the house ir tion committee, which ¢ recommendations of fact-finding commission, The house resumed consideration of the McNary-Haugen bill with its supporters somewhat at sea as to ut should be done in the event it meets defeat. Some declared they believed a substitute should be re- sorted to, although there appeared to be marked differences of opinion as to what sort of a compromise should be offered, while others con- tended that rejection of the MeNary- Haugen proposal would show the futility of attempting to get effee. tive farm relief legislation through at this session, and that cong might as well adjourn. HUGE REFUNDS ON RATES MADE Chicago, May 31—Refunds on freight bills of many millions of dol- have heen made» possible for livestock producers through the ef- forts of 28 livestock exchang cording to announcement Chicago livestock exchange. The National Livestock has obtained a decision w ern territo: from state comme ommi ship} are saved from $1 per Retroactive to 1920, 1,000,000 cars of livestock shipped annually. ‘The commission sustained the contention of the exchange that cost of bedding livestock cars is part of the rate. Another decision has been obtain- ed by the exchange in the “mixed car” case brought against all rail- rouds, The decision prevents riers from charging the highest for the highest minimum weight as at present, substituting a rate on the minimum weight of a pa cular commodity, an estimated aver- age reduction of $10 per cur. affecting the inter- on whereby to 35 car, the (<a | Weather Report For twenty-four hours ending at noon today. Temperatur Temperatur Highest y Lowest last night Precipitation . Highest Wind velocity ) Weather Fore For Bismarck and vicinity: Unset- tled to-night and Sunday. Warmer to-night. Somewhat cool Sunday. » For North Dakota: Unsettled to- night and Sunday. Warmer tonight. Somewhat cool Sunday. General Weather Conditions The weather is fair throughout the northern states and along the Pa fic Coast while precipitation occur- red. over the middle and southern Rocky Mountain region and in the middle and southern Plains States. Scasonable temperatures prevail in all sections. ‘ ORRIS W. ROBERTS, Meteorologist. Dr. Foley of Indiana University calculates that 2,434,026 tons of coal are consumed annually in gener- ating steam to blow the United States locomotive whistles. ° MURDERED __ ROBERT PRANKS PROTECTION IN TIME OF PEACE ISTASK OF U.S. ation Must Depend on Loy- alty of Its Citizens, S Scott Cameron ays BIG PARADE IS HELD has to The protect nation itself without during time has no defense except the of its told Auditorium delivering dress her ample means from but it of the from cnemi of wa during times loyal hear citizens, eron un audience terday Memorial ye the Day ad- It was Ie War, he said, that time agent scattered over sow the se of loyalty. The It served only through loyalty and anpre stituti the times, Mr. eulogy, ned during the World that there were — at of a foreign power the country — to di trust and dis- can pre- the ad. on it at of reople all he si his in delivering the A jean F occupied unique position, mr that this nation the e that never waged war except in defense or 1 unselfish beginning with the Reyvolu which he said had its in a determination — to tolerance and the ‘ollowed to es- of the freedom is only inception achiever War of 1812 ablish the principle of the S. The iow whic speaker the of paid an oldicrs of 1861 to 1 was the pecial tr the great for whom There this the founded veterans of of honor on included a with Mrs by scrann Schoelkopf, mpanist, a verson, and delivery address solo by Bauer i Henry Hal- of Lincolit’s by George which preceded the of the longest rs, there being an espe- y la number of veterans of World Wa n line. The Elks nd, Juvenile Band and St. Mary's pane played H. T. Murphy, marshal gf the had thoughtful- ly arranged to have the parade pass hoth hospitals for the benefit of those who could witness the parade from there, and ark of re- spect to disabled vet A large number of nurses marched in the parade, NED LIP WORTH $2,500 Los Angeles, May 31.—Lips, laud- ed by poets from time immemorial and always a favored topic of con- versation between lovers, recently have a more or less financial stand- ing as the result of a state supreme court decision ‘handed down here. By it Gertrude Steele, beauty spe- cialist, must pay Pauline Hall, mo- tion picture actress, $2,500 fors one ruined lower lipe A as ad LONG GRILLING After Making the Kidnaping For Ransom Chicago, May 3 jstates attorney ipold, Jv. Chicago families versity here, had confessesd tdered 13: tired millionaire pawn broker i They said they planned a | November | they | Crowe. The youths SONS OF MILLIONAIRES, BOTH STUDENTS, ADMIT CRIME AFTER BY AUTHORITIES Leopold and Loeb Succumb to 36 Hours of Grilling, According To States Attorney Crowe, Who Says Confession — Had Both Are Calm Planned the — (By the A. P.) —Robert E. Crowe; announced early today that Nathan E, Leo- and Richard Loeb, youthful members of wealthy and both post-graduate students at a Uni- that they kidnaped and mur- r-old Robert Franks, son of Jacob Franks, re- and manufacturer. kidnaping in great detail last , both through a spirit of adventure and because wanted the $10,000 ransom they demanded, said Mr. said they determined upon no definite jvictim, and that the kidnaping and murder of, young Franks {was merely incidental. NEW CALL ON CAPITAL STOCK IS ANNOUNCED. w Move to Re- t tion in lieve Northw HAVE MADE MANY LOANS shington, May 31 (By the officials Agricultural at to relieve in the Northwest, ond_call on its cupital The call is for $2,000,- 000, making a total of $4,000,000 paid in from a total authodized capital of $10,000,000, With this second § uble treasury officials loaning powers of the corporation will be able to meet all current calls upon it. It already has ap- proved loans of $1,135,000 for the purpose of reopening 11 closed bunks. Two of them have actually started business again and adv here were to the effect that others would soon as papers are made. In addition to loans for banks the corporation loan $1,164,000 to 64 cial institutions in the distr W. Treasury that the poration, of the stringen made subseription, were advised Credit the Cor- instance the has organized President a a 100,000 avail- believe the open as necessary reopening finanei Mellon was told by of- ‘the corporation that they ng oth ans for = the f ing up tax are bene e which would be tax penalty clauses. purposes have been charged under Loans for seed made, DEATH HALTS OVERLAND TOUR IN WESTERN N. D. Dickinson, N. D., lurking about the Gladstone Wednes ly halted the 31.—Death amp May tourist night, nd tr p of James Louis Goude, 42, Spokane business y who with his wife and four children was traveling to Ch for an extended visit wi tives, Mr. Goude, who had not been good health for some — time, stricken with cerebral hemorrhage shortly after the family had pitched np at Gladstone in the early eve- ning. A ‘al an called to the scene i » to check the fast ing life and i shortly afterward. was brought to Dickin- y morning and — pre- for burial by a local Accompanied by the widow and children it will be shipped Spokane on train No. noon for interment, amping equipment will be left dstone for a time. Mr. Goude had been engaged the garage business at Spokane. cently he decided to make the trip t in the hope that the change would benefit his failing health, Learning of the tragedy residents of Gladstone hastened to the assist- ance of the stricken family and did everything in their power to com- fort them in their sorrow. HAD PLANNED KIDNAPING OF ROSENWALD SON Chieugo, May 31, (By the A. P.) States Attorney Robert -E. Crowe, after announcing toduy Nathan E, Leopold, Jr., and ard Loeb, sons of million- naires, had confessed the kid- napping and slaying of Robert Franks, 13-year-old son of another millionaire, declared they once had considered kidnapping a son of Julius Rosenwald, in- ternationally known philan- thropist. ove car ca physi at Re- A ecicaittrat Credit Corpora- | nt rate as against | at} abrupt- under- | The kidnaping was carried out in ry detail as planned, ulblur victim's death, Mr. Crowe «8 Lepold and Loeb confessed. He Ran Leopold admitted writing a letter to {the father of the Franks boy, de- ed $10,000 and that the auto- obile used to spirit away their sea was a rented machine. “The finding of the spectacles ar the boy's body provided our ents tangible clue,” said Mr. Crowe, It was through them that the kid- naping and slaying were traced to young Leopold. The typewriter, and clothing stripped from young Franks have not been ri red, said Mr, Crowe, but he expected to have them th fternoon. Killed by Blow | “The little fellow was killed by @ jblow on the head, and then strang- jled,” States Attorney Crowe de~ clared. “A chisel wrapped with tape was used to strike the blow.” 7 chisel was found by a Herald aminer reporter about four blocks from the school which the ks boy attended. States Attor- Crowe added that ether was to used if the boy had not been killed as he was. This, he said, was all explained in the confession, The killing, they admitted, Mr, Crowe said, occurred in an automos jbile of the same muke as owned by Leopold. Fathers Wealthy Ernest Loeb, brother of Richard Loeb, received the information given out by the states attorney with in- credulity. “It cannot be se,” he ssserte? know exactly where Dick wos y hour of this particular W Loeb is the son of Albert H. Loch, millionaire vice-president of Sears, Roebuck and Company. Leopold's father is a very wealthy box manufacturer, said to be espe- cially known in lake shipping ¢ cl Lepold and Loeb each accuse one another of striking the blow with the chisel. Entirely Calm Leopold was entirely calm as ke made his confession, Mr. Crowe The discoloration on the boy's lips caused by aw Attorney owe declared. Similar acid, he asserted, was found in Leopold's room. The acid, he declared, was intended to disfigure the slain boy in order to prevent identification. Leopold has admitted typing the letter demanding the $10,000 ransom father of the vic. aid. Loeb, he add-~ first telephoned to the Franks home the night of May 21, after the boy dead, and told the lad’s mother that Robert had been kid- naped but was safe. Both prisoners have been study- {ing law and told apparently frank | Stories until confronted with dis- crepancies in their stories after 36 hours of grilling. They finally yielded and began making admis- but even after making the | confessions, Crowe declared, re- | mained composed. Leopold, he said, nonchalant about it. ‘o Grand Jury Mr, Crowe declared the case would be presented to the new June grand jury, the first case to be placed it the jurors’ hands. The stenographic notes of the al leged confessions, he said, were locked up, and although he said they ; might be made publit late today, he was taking every precaution ta make the case complete. It was Leopold’s spectacles—tho principal clue in the case—found o» the prairie near’ the culvert wher: the Franks’ boy's body was. thrust into a railroad culvert, that led to the arrest of Leopold and Loeb, Mr. Crowe explained. In admitting hov* they killed the Franks boy the two young men said, according to Mr. ‘owe, that they struck him with 2 (Continued on page 3) ALLIES KEEP A FIRM HAND London, May 81 (By the A. P.)-— The allies intend to keep a firri hand on military’ control on ,Ger- many by maintaining the commis- n_of control in full operation un- the disarmament demand’ mado in the.treaty of Versailles are fully executed, acording to a long neti from the Council of Am wus. »tsent to Berlin from Paris today,