The Bismarck Tribune Newspaper, July 12, 1920, Page 2

HOA IDA PAGE TWO. . BISMARCK DAILY TRIBUNE MONDAY, JULY 12, 1920 ADV. RUSS Crawled. Under: Barber Wire Frontier and Without a Per- mit Traveled ‘All Over Soviet Russia Making ‘Investigation in the Red Land of Silence— Jailed and. Deported i ! TAX RECEIPT. . AS, PASS BY J. HERBERT DUCKWORTH, : N. E.°A. Staff Correspondent. (Copywright, 1920, by The Newspaper Enterprise: Association.) » Reval, Esthonia, July 12. —My. plunge into the Red Russia was full of adventures. “There was a thrilling episode, too, with a charming peasant irl. ed a left Reval, Esthonia, at 7 p. m. for Valk, via Dorpat. Two Bolshevik agents were there, as usual, on the platform, to see the train off. I had*gone aboard early, so escaped detection. I had been told not to go to Russia.: «My guide was an Esthonian lad who promised to get me over the closely- guarded ‘frontier for 20,000 Esthonian marks ($100 at, the then rate df ex- change.) i The:train was packed with a motley. crew... There were Letts bound, for Riga, Esthonian ‘soldiers, some. ragged remnants of Yudenitch’s army, refugee: Russians.‘trying' to get to goodness knows where, peasants, babies, Baltic barons,’ stranded Cossacks and Ger- man bagmen. — . 1 stood up all night In the corridor. There was np room to lle down. The train’ was lightless. At: Valk, which we reached .at one the next afternoon, we changed for a train going north. THEN OUR. REAL TROUBLES BEGAN! Bribes ‘Conductors, Dodge Soldiers On this séction a permit to travel is necessary. .We had none. But by tipping the conductors, riding’on the steps and by hopping off at every wayside station ‘and changing «cars, thus dodging the ‘military inspectors, |, we réached Petchori without molesta+ tion. Here we alighted. Petchori is a flag station some ways from ,the town. The fields’ and woods nearby were full '6f° soldiers, guns ‘and’ field kitchens. A farmer’ put us on the road to' Isborsk,: some ‘25 miles ‘away, and we hiked off across country with our packs, which included 30 pounds: of black bread apiece. S We walked steadily from three un- til ‘eight, when we got' caught in-a thugderstorm. = Soon we were wet through, so made cross: fields to‘a.group of farm houses. We begged for ‘shelter. Sleepson Straw With Peasant Family Fresh,'warm milk was brought us, and! straw, placed’ on the floor for us to sleep, upon. © “ 7 At nine, the whole family of us. grandma, father, mother, two young girls, three chickens, my guide and’ I were fast asleep in the one-room hut. At’ 8a. m. we were on our way again. ; Some hours later, while rest- ing bythe: roadside, ia young ‘Russian overtook yus:' ‘A packet of American cigarets,made him our friend. ThisRussian was bound for home. His father’ ‘hada farm iabout:bhlt a mile‘ from: the frontier. A ‘lucky ‘meet- ing,.: it?-afterwards turned. out. He would take me to Pskov for five thou- sands) marks.: i We: were now ‘in’ "the: military Esthonia Field telephone wires: werg:'‘strung along. ‘the roadside. ‘Every once in ‘a while ‘we met mounted patrols. Old Tax Receipt Serves.as Pass! At Jasborsk we were stopped. In this ramshackle, shell-torn and filthy old village, with its: magnificent gold and blue-domed Russian church nest- ling within the glistening white walls ofa thousand-year-old monastery, we were challenged. There is a military’ headquarters here. > : However, the two. sentries let» us pass ON THE STRENGTH OF A RUN-OUT. PERMIT AND. A. NEW YORK INCOME TAX RECEIPT. At two in the afternoon we were,in the young Russian’s home, from the © oa TUROUS ENTRANCE INTO DARK RELATED BY CORRESPONDENT Bismarck, N. D. one window of which could be seen the barbed wire that separated Red Russia from the outside world. I was told to remain under cover until after dark, . Pig Sucks. His Shoe All Night I tried to snatch forty winks on a bag of straw, but sleep was out of the question. A healthy young pig called “Yudee,” after Yden- itch, would persist in sucking the toes of my shoes. About. seven visitors arrived. Neighbors, bearded. and blond moujiks, barefoot girls, boys in blouses and belts, young and old women, came in to look at the man from America. The men were interested in my plug tobacco; .the women: fascinated’ with my chocolate and sugar. At eight I bade good-bye to my guide from Reval and, in. company otf’ the youhg farmer and a girl in string | our tracks! THE MYSTERY SPOT OF THE WORLD (THIS MAP IS RELEASED NOW) o- NY CZECH ing in the Tribune. , Corregpondent J. h sandals and a sack slung over her bak, made: my way out through the farayard into a very SOgey and newly- ploughed field. ‘WA, went. off: silently. We could hear |shots'in the: distance. ‘The half milejto: the barbed wire took an hour toced¥er.Most of the time we spent on our stomachs scanning the horizon for ‘sentrit : A 5 Farmer Leavee—. > Girl Guide Goes ‘On j Once we saw a flashlight ‘300 yards away.’ The ‘game was Up? Dawn we flopped ‘in the mud dar- ing hardy to breathe. We reacti ‘the Wire. My companions’ quick- ly wriggted their way through the ten feet of wire. It took me:an anxious five’ minutes. it seemed ‘an hour. My raincoat. was ripped to shreds and my hands. and Knees badly scratched. | Fifty yards further on was more. wire, Then the farmer said “Good-bye.” He was going back an@ demanded his money. The girl would see me through. | felt | had been stung. But there was no turning back now. Then commenced the worst four anda half hours I have ever spent. We were in Non-Man’s-Land in a] tapped, More whispering marsh. ed o eee There was no Hent, but. I was con PLUMBING Hot Water and Steain Heatifig, Rownd Oak Pipeléss Furnaces, All ; , Material and Workmanship Guaranteed GRAMBS SLOVAKIA The-most mysterious spot in the world today! That describes eastern Europe—Soviet Russia and the border states.’ A great war is raging between the Poles and the Bolsheviks along the whole eastern boundary of Poland. Jimmy Hare, the world’s most famous press photographer, on this front, and his pictures, hot from the front line, are appear-, . Herbert Duckworth: has penetrated into the eart of the Bolshevik “Land of Silence” and is writing the. truth about Red Russia. Duckworth went'across Esthonia from Reval; with 4 peasant girl guide he crawled under the barged wire fron- tier by night and went first to Pskov. From there he went all over the heart of Soviet Land, visiting Moscow, Petrograd, Nov- gorod, Tver and the country districts. ‘| i ‘| boughs of fir—man-traps! We waded through muddy streams, across/ acres of boglandvangle: deep in mud, and once found ourselves almost up to our waists in water and slime. Sneaking Across No-Man’s-Land j My girl guide was tireless. Instinct seemed to tell her the nature of the ground. Her strength and stamina were remarkable. All night we zigzagged up and down this moorland waste at a steady four- mile gait. At midnight Iwas nearly “all in.” I was carrying nearly 80 pounds on my back. “Pyat. meenoot,” I pleaded, and, pointing to the ground, gave the girl to understand that I must have five minutes’ rest. I fell down on my back exhausted. A swig of vodka revived me. The girl refused a drink. Soon she admitted that we were lost. We had reached barbed wire again. It was Esthonian wire. We had doubled on “Nyet, Bolshevili!” Girl, Guide Objects ‘ The. night was, pitch, black, and there was a light rain falling. ; esWhen I suggested a ‘hew direc- tion to ti he girl would shake her head. and say “Nyet, nyet, Bolshevikil” On a low hill were the runis of a} farm. Why not rest there? “Nyet, hyet, Bolshevilik!” the girl whispered in my ear. But we might bribe the Bolsheviki? We cautiously approach- | ed the ruins. H : “After ‘stumbling over plies of logs and fallen trees we came to a lean-to dugout. f The girl peered in. V kept out of sight. . ay Gruff voices ‘asked the girl her business. The men in the dug- out were friendly and the girl re- joined me. es. Then we nearly fell into some pits filled with. water, and covered with The First. Stop in The Land of Mystery. i ‘This meant a-long detour... Next the. girl slipped into.a,pond, I fished her’ out. She aaked for. vodka then, We came to a group of farm-houses.| On. the door of. one the} girl gently | “"phis ig, Manya,” safd the girl, The} door wag opened and we went in.| scious of being in & large room. ‘A’ lamp made out of & bottle: of oj! ai rope of flax.was lighted, and I was assured: My latest host was a pleas- ant man of about 50. He sald he was a Bolshevik. There were ‘Bolsheviki proclama- tions to the peasants on the walls}‘and he’ called me “Tavarisch” .comraile.) This Bolshevik was tay girl friend’s brother-in-law. Guide Revealed As Russian Beauty By the light of the lamp.I also dis- covered, to. my astonishment, that my night’s. companion in rags was an un- usually beautiful girl of about nine-| een. My Bolshevik host said he would drive me to Pskov. ‘Again straw Was laid on the floor for me.' ‘I-stretched out in my. wet} clothes. : é Mysterfous whisperings: kept’ me Very.much awake, although I- had not slept for three hights. I was a little frightened.’ 1. hard the clank: of something ‘métallic. Was J, after all,.going to be maor- dered 'as my friends in New York had perdicted? ji... 5. aera But my Russian friends were simply weighing, with a rude kind of scale, salt that the girl had: smuggled in} from Esthonia! At.2:30 I was to getup. Now what? 2 My exedution,;I suppose? Wrong again! -A- horse and cart were outside, and.we were going to ‘Pskov, 30 miles away. at After. Hard Journey Pskov Looms in Sight! | At 3 o'clock, while it was still dark, we Started. It Was a hard journey. The roads were bad and. the. cai springless. Most of the way. I walked. At 10 o’clock—it was now-the fourth day—as we were jogging along the. Riga raad, I could see, ds we mounted the brow of a hill, the green spires| and golden domes of Pskov Cathedral’ in the distance. e On the ‘gutskirts of the town I paid’ Ri | off the' farrier afid halfan hour later was. entering the historic old: ‘town where the late’czar first heard that he ‘had been deposed. My real adven- tures in Bolshevik Russia were begin-| scarcity and high price of coal-attract-| working day and night, to bunker the ning. ” “very own. for the home ( ‘This ‘trademark ‘dnd’ the trademarked word **Victrola’’ identify all our products. ‘Look under the lid! . VICTOR TALKING MACHINE. CO, Look‘ on the label! Camden, N. J. _ Hear these. Victrolas ‘today at any Victor dealer’s. Any of the four styles will play any of the more than 5000 records in the Victor Record catalog. AEG. U.S. PAY. OFF. 7 » -Youxcan. take it anywhere. It fur. nishes just the music and entertainment that is needed. at your bungalow, when you go camping, on your boat, or on a short pleasure trip of any kind. Extremely -convenient in the home, too. Readily“ moved from room to room, to the porch, or out on the lawn. In some homes, the children have one of these portable Victrolas for their . Camiden, New Jersey Victrola VI, $35 Mahogany or oak Victrola IX, $75 Mahogany or oak Oil Burnirig War Gave Great’ Stimulus anal ‘Improved Engines Are Great ‘Aid in’ Movement—Many Old ‘Steam-Driven Vessels Are Be- ‘ing “Céhverted Into Oi! Burn- ing Type New, York, July 12. — Since ths steamer, Arab, on her memorable trip) across the Pacific Ocean in 11902, first) demonstrated the practicability of oil) as a fuel,for ocean-going vessels the trend in, ship propulsion methods has ‘been away: from coal and in the di- rection of::fwel, oil. First the navies; of thé: world took-up the development, of the'Diesel ‘and other. oil-burning | engines,and: the: conspicuous: success with which they; met»led to experi-) ‘mentation}:‘and’ the :adaptation of oil} burners ‘and iternal - combustion ‘en- ginds:|to'‘the: needs of ‘merchant: ves- sels; Doday.: there : ate “nearly” 2,000 oil-bu¥ning| . merchant »,vessels\ | afloat, | whose combined: torinage approximates 8,000,000. It is: apparent: that: the ‘use of fuel oil “is ,revolutionizing propul- sion methods in oceapitransportation. During, the war and’ since. ai ‘great stimulus was given to the construction of:oil-burning ships and.to the instal- lation:-of- oil: burners» where: coal had. been used before. A-combination of circumstances brought, this © about. The urgency of:.the world’s need for ships during the war was the import- ant factor in increasing the produc-, tion. of \ocean tonnage, while the ed more careful attention to the Engines Rapidly Replacing Old Type in Ocean: Liners;Markinga "__ Memorable Change from Former Days advantages. of oil burners and oil- burning, engines. a Relative Merits Discussing the relative advantages of fuel oil over, coal, an authority on the subject: recently pointed ‘out. that Mm marine: navigation . fuel, oil. shows a -greater..comparative economy than in ;any, other~ industry, for. the rea-, | son .that its tise-on. shipboard: affects 80: many’ important factors: which: are not present’ to’ such''a:degree.on land. Among these are dead weight, cargo space, ‘steaming radius, speed, effi- ciency, -handling.. cost. and time for bunkering. i It:is shown, for instance, that the cost: of ‘handling oil fuel is about 20 per cent less than that ofjcoal, ow- ing .to the fact that oil is, handled mechanically and ash. handling: is en- trely eliminated.- The. fireroom crew is reduced to one-half. or two-thirds of the | crew: necéssary;/for coal firing. Boiler efficiency,.is incréased.8 to 10 ‘per cent, and: steaming capacity. from 35 to 60° per cent, due, to. the. more rapid and perfect combustion: obtain- able. All of these saving: features fig- ure materially in‘operation coats. | \: During. the war a: great many | ves- sels,’were’ fitted: for, oil burning: with hardly a day’s Joss: of navigating time. The following are some of the improve- ments. which -were noted: after; Such alterations: Greater steaming radius, 15 to 30 percent;, increased cargo space, 40 per cent; less fuel dead- weight to be carried, 25 to 50 per cent; increased ‘boiler capacity, 10 per cent, speed increase, and 70 percent; lower cost of fuel handling. To illustrate the easier handling of oil, it is said that where it takes three or four days, Leviathan with 6,000 tons of coal, the equivalent 24,000 barrels of oil could be bunkered in twenty-four hours and without interruption to other work on | ‘ the’ ship. Convert Vessels : In view of these facts it is not sur- prising that a number of the large American and British companies are; converting mahy of their vesels into oil burners. In view of the attention which is being devoted to the oil engine it is interesting to survey the development of marine machinery during the past twenty years. In that time the now old-fashionéd — reciprocating marine steam engine has undergone very little change. Its’ main, drawbacks, as _re- viewed in a recent issiy ‘of the Ship‘ building .and Shipping ‘Record (Lon- don), are: Jt is bulk,and packs poorly into a ship; waste of heat, through temperature variation in each cylind- er; large number of bearings, joints and glands which, because of the heavy wear, require doing work by engine room staff. when ship is in Port;, difficulty of accurate balancing of engine. and consequent. vibration, and many. slide. valveg and reversing Bears, accentuating “vibration and vibration. and need for repairs when in port.» The introduction of the steam tur- bine, about eighteen years ago, though it-did not come into general use until sonfe. years later, did away at one step with. all the objections just enumerat- ed. Moreover, it: was an improvement over the reciprocating engine in that it was’ more easily and quickly manoeuvred, it could be worked to an overload of 20 per cent, and the tem- verature at any given point in the blade- passages remained unchanged; under ‘steady running — conditions. Though the early turbines were of large diameter, to keep the propeller speed down, the introduction and im- provement of transmission gear have made turbines of much smaller diam- eter possible. Same Drawbacks The steam turbine, however, like \the reciprocating steam engine, re- quired large boilers, smokestacks, iboiler fed tanks, spaaious ‘bunkers and extensively piping, systems and, where coal was the. fuel, a large stokehold staff and great .inconveni- ence. during bunkering. The Diesel engine eliminates all of these items, and in -their. place only relatively small fuel tanks and; en- gine. exhaust bunks are needed. Also, there is a great. improvement in ef- -ficiency. The oil engine in. its present state of. development, however, : re- introduces with certain modifications the, drawbacks of the reciprocating steam. engine previously mentioned. Thus, the problem to be faced. is whether or ‘not ,it is possible to com- bine the advantages of the Diesel-en- gine with those of .the turbine, at the same time eliminating. the dis- advantages of the reciprocating: en- gine. It is possible, in other -words, to develop an. oil ‘turbine?, But be cause there are no materials known at present which could withstand the heat to which they would be subjected in an oil iturbine. it is, thought thai the matter of. developing. oil, turbines is. as auch one for. metallurgists and chemists. as)it is for mechanics. Mcanwhile, however, »the installa- tion of oil, burners on steam. turbin3 vessels whieh formerly. used coal for fuel: goes on apace, and, all the .prin- cipal ports of the world are prepar- ing on both the Atlantic and. Pacitic coasts on the United. States, and ail the ports of Europe, as|well as many of the larger ports in ghee parts of the world, already are fully equipped for..oil bunkering. Overture at 7:30-sharp. Se- lection from: the opera Cavalleria, Rusticana| by P.- Mascagni, at the New Eltinge Theatre.