The Bismarck Tribune Newspaper, February 13, 1920, Page 1

THE WEATHER FAIR ANG WARMER "enc EN AAT ENT THE BISMARCK TRIBUNE LE] THIRTY-NINTH YEAR BISMARCK, NORTH DAKOTA, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 13, 1920 . PRICE FIVE CENTS MANDAN LEGION OPPOSES PLAN OF WILSON OFFERS - MINISTER CONVIC TED OF SEDITION | RAIL MEN PLAN TO PUBLISH FOREIGN NEWSPAPER! OF SETTLEMENT Gilbert S. Furness Post Calls on Postmaster General Burleson to Deny Fontana Publication Access to! United States Mails as Second Class Matter Mandan, N, D., Feb. 13.—Holding that a German newpaper is not need- ¢d on the Slope and that the publi- uch an organ-by Rev. Fon- ew Salem minister convicted trict court at Bismarck in 1918 and freed on an appeal to tke United States circuit court of appeals at St. Louis, would be inimicable to the bes- sts of the country Gilbert 8 rniss Post No. 40, American legion, t night adopted resolutions calling upon the secretary of state of North Dakota to refuse to issue the new enterprise a charter and upon Post master General Burleson to deny the proposed. newspaper admittance to the mails as second Claxs matter. The resolutions review at length the evidence introduced in the Fontana case, his conviction on three counts and the charge which Judge C. F. Amidon — delivered in sentencing the Salem minister to three years’ oument. in Leavenworth, in ch ‘the. court declared that Fou tana “had everything German and stifled everything American.” and that if he were sect down in Prussia today he would be in complete harmony with his environment. Ie a is reported to have leased a building in New Salem and to have proceeded with his,plans for the pub- lication of a weekly newspaper in the German tongue, which the local post of the © American “legion — declares “would be in effect in the flaunting of his Germanic ideas and principles in the faces of true Americans, aterial evidence “of malignant my at his escape from a ju t by a nicality. ., The resolutions in full follow: “Whereas one Rey, John Fontana, who was convicted in United States district court of sedition, conspiracy to hamper the’ government and ot having used seditious language, has sed. buildings suitable for the and intends shortly to start; a newspaper 4 ew Salem, Morton county, said newspaper to be printed! in the German language, tbe’ attcn- tion of the ‘postmaster general of the U. S. and the attention of the se retary of state of North Dakota is respectfully called to the foliowi fact: “Re November, tion. “At his trial before U.S, District Judge C. F. Amidon, held at Bis- idence was produced that! a ‘had repeatedly and despite protests of members of his congrega- tion in the German Evangelical Luth- eran’ church _of New Salem prayed for the success of the armies of G many. OPPOSED RED CROSS? “That he refused to permit work fer the Red Cross to be done in the church building; that he de dd the} purpose of the Red Cross, and. that he insisted on certain women” read- + to the Red were liter suppressed by the gavernment; that he discharged Sunday school teachers who refused to teach their clas by use of the} Fontana IMT was arres! in charged with sedi- DELEGATES TO CONVENTION TO Be ND EEENDENT! THREATENS JOHN Concerned | RED COMMANDER! UNALTER ABLE DECISION ANNOUNCED BY PRESIDENT TO RAILWAY LEADERS IN CONFERENCE ON WAGE QUESTION CAHILL TAKEN DOWN LINE BY FIGHTING BILL Brotherhood Chiefs Silent as to Proposal, But Will Con- sider It Head of Governor's Smelling Wire HOUSE STATEMENT Committee Given Uncom- fortable Half Hour Leith, N. D., Feb. 1 Senator Cahill of Leith, one of Towne; Jeaders in the upper house of the and chairman of: Gove s smelling committee, was i the audience which Attorney General | \ lat the Knights of | Tesentatives of the railway brother- uddi-| hoods for a settlement of their wage length with the}@emands and the men agreed to give City {it consideration Stiga} waded | What the proposal was, Timothy Shea, rough-shod into the league sqnator, jacung president of the Brotherhood addre hall here this week. 1: Lang Pythi; tion to dealing at Scandinavian-American, Valley and Bank of North Dakcta inv tions, the attorney general challenging him to defend his 1 Explanation of Situation Ex- pected From President During Day Washington, Feb. 13—President Wil- on today made a proposal to the rep- The brotherhood men would not say _{of Firemen and Enginemen, announc- tive record, and the cheering indicated [ing that they would make no statement t the audience enjoyed the baitin: of its fellow ‘citizen. ‘ESCH EXPECTS — EARLY ACTION today. i TOO ISSUE STATEMENT The White House was expected to issue a statement later in the day. | Meantime there was no intermation |Wwhether the president had offered a | substitute for an increase in wages {in the nature of a continuation of the fight on the high cost of living, or whether he asked the workers to de- jlay pressing their demands until-the {railroads were returned to the private : ;owners March 1. , | P.M. Jewell, president of the Rail- way department of the American Fed- ation of Labor, announced that the Author of Measure Anticipates! president's proposal would have to “be Nonpartisan Consider- ation Soon FAILURE TOO DIS Washington. Feb. 1 ‘put up to the men” before any an- ; nouncement could be made by the ; union representatives. reous [LLINOIS MAN ae | —- While some | opposition to the railroad bill as final- | ly agreed upon in conference has de. veloped, senate and house leaders pre dicted today that the conference port on the measure would be ly stowed so that the le; would be on the statute book: the roads are returned to pr trol March 1. The final draft of the conference re- port, is new) beilg. mile a presented to the ate Sai Monday. The hous yrommpt- | slation i hefore | | vate con | | will be! Barton Payne: e€=Hinod jaye oF | lected: by. President: expects to take | retary of the interior to succeed Frank- 1 ‘John Barton Payne, Head of the Shipping Board, Secretary’ * of Interior 4 Washington, D, Feb. 18. —Jobn has beci: se ilson to be sec up the report Monday or ‘Tuesday at| jin K. Lane. Mr. Payne is now chair- the latest would be disposed of in two day: NO DELAY EXPECTED Chairman Esch of the house inter- | duti state commerce committee, one of the | Mr. Payne's succe board. | Mr. Payne. will take over his new March 1 when Mr, Lane retires. ras chairman of and lead said’ today it) man of the United States shipping i! authors of the railroad bili, and other! the shipping board has not yet been leadérs expressed confidence that oy | announced. . position by house demecrat delay passage of ‘the mea They based their 1 act that the bil r ference is. substantially the Esch bill recent] house. Senate provisions to there was objection including the ant! strike section. creation of a transpo fion board and compulsory consolida tion were stricken out in confer The essential addition to the hi vas the fixing of a guaranteed return of five and a half percent. FAILURE, WOULD BE DISASTER “With “the time already President Wilson for return of from the people that they back.” Chairman ho said “failure to enact necessary would not | * im mw BOLOS IN FULL tten in con- | the same as | passed by the] which | fixed by | the | roads aid. the wide spread demand | he handed CONTROL ODESSA REPORTS STATE |Ten Thousand Refugees on Bat- tleships in Harbor Await- ing Escape Constantinople, ‘Monday, | The latest information received here from Odessa says that the Bolshevik urmy now is in. control of the city. Ten thousand refugees are on board today | ships in the harbor waiting to escape. islation | The British battleship Ajax, three German tongue; {hat he used lan-| before March 1 would be disastrous. ! British destroyers and a French gun- guage inimicable to the best interes of the United States. “The jury in the ¢ guilty oa three counts. : AMIDON’S CHARGE “The attention of the postmaster genera] and the secretary of eis! called to the charge of Jud Any don, which was in part: The object of the sentence im- posed upon you is not alone to punish you for the disleyalty of which you ! have been guilty. but to » notice | upon you and the likes of you who have been cherishing foreignness, that the end of the regime has come, that | that y has rived when you and the likes of 1 must grow Amer-j ican souls within your bod: The | court finds that yen are guilty under j each count of the indictment, and as/| punishment therefore it’ is decreed | that you be imprisoned in the fede atl | prison at Teavenworth for — three} . the sentences under three counts | run concurrently and not in te sequence, * *** You have} ed rerything German and! stifled every ri prayed, and in German, in Prus: cemplete harmony ment. » found him | preach If you set down j today yeu would be in th your environ: | H FONTANA FREED “The attention of the postmaster | general and the seeretary of te is} called to the fact tdat Fontana ap-} pealed from the jur, verdict and in: court at St, Louis. Mo., was freed on a technicality. ‘Now, whereas the American legion is founded upon the spirit of patriot- ism and has as its aim the perpeuta-} tion of 100 percent Americanism and} has constituted itself a guardian of the cherished traditions of American- ism and the principles for which our constitufion stands ; : “And- whereas the American legion! has every respect and regard for those children of foreign-born — parentag who of ri respect and (Continued on Page Three) | | ht versus might; and has everv} 'd for those of for-{ Tams out delay.” HEAVY LAST M pee is More Than Three Million Dollars! ss Involved Bank clearings through the marck Clearing Hoi month of January totalled 695, this being sociation. The heaviest single day's clearing} amounted to $262,185 on January and the small amount wa 3 January 9. The average d ings was $123,640 and th was exceeded of twelve out 26 banking da \MANDAN LEGION Mandan, N- were elected at Mandan pos’ Jast night. he new offic Lloyd Fi 1, Command Conyne, yice commander; Hughes. adjutant: historian; Leo M ficer; Con Caddell, ser; Ralph Kelier, chaplain. ALL-RUSSIAN A JOINS WITH CZECHS | Harbin, Feb. eral Kappell. the western army government, hi re done their bit in the battle} vi e association for y 214,- one of the st | 'amounts for any month- since the} Bank of North Dakota has cleargd its! items through the Clearing House @s-j amount | of the if —The troops of Gen- | commande! hief of sfied however that the house | 5 stanai ‘ boat are standing by. {Will adopt the conference report with | i ae Reports received in inter-allied cir- ich state that isolated murders of ian officers began in Odessa Feb-| 1, These were followed by riot- NTH: ing which only small parties of Rus- ‘sian students under direction of Brit- ish officer: attempted to control. ‘BARBERRY BUSH | COSTS DAKOTANS $275,000,000.00 £100,000 loss was caused farm. ers in North Dakota by rust on wheat in 1916 and 1919, according to W. &. Porter of the North Dakota agricul- tural college. The loss comes not only lin reduced fields but also in reduced | grade of the wheat produced. — This rust could not haye developed without the b; 5 The U. S. department of agriculture spending about $10.000 in each of 13 | spring wheat states in eradicating the Over two million barberry y dug out in these ates in | 1919.- In North Dakota 1171 barber. | ries were found and ‘dug out in 1919 The plan is to go over the states coun- ty by county and make a_ through cation. The $10000 is about wh to get over three counties, If North Dakota and. the other wd put in as much as the pvernment, more than twice s rapid progress could be made, s1 Porter. Either the barberry must go ‘or spring wheat growing cease to be profitable. PROSPEROUS BOWMAN COUNTY RANCHER DIES BOWMAN, N. D.. Feb, 13.—Andrew perous Bowman county residing southeast of thi: village. was found hanging a corpse in one of his ranch ‘buildings this | The deceased had been des- pondent for some time. He is sur- [aver by a family, No Instructions So Far as Presi- 5 dential Candidates Are BULL N V E N § E LS Reports received from. republican conventions held in many North Da- kota counties this week disclose that delegates in the state convention of February 17 to be held at Bismarck will be uninstructed as to Presiden- tial candidates. The first fifteen counties reporting said that delegates elected were uninstructed) and in some instances the delegations were advised to oppose instructions of del- egates in the state convention. In the stdte convention - candidates for delegates to the nationai convention will be nominated, the candidates to be submitted to republican electors in the presidential preference primary of March 16. EXECUTION OF ALL-RUSS HEAD TS CONFIRMED Admiral Kolchak and One of His Ministers Shot at Irkuts February 7 | MANY SOLDIERS CAPTURED London, Feb. 13.—-News of the execution of Admiral J<olchak, former head of the all-Rus government, has been offic confirmed. He and one of his min- isters were shot at Irkutsk 5 o'clock on the morning of Febru- ary 7. The revolutionary committce at Irkutsk decided’ at two o'clock in the morning that the two officials should be executed. Members ot the committee then shot the vic- tims quickly fearing attempts at rescue. THREE GENERALS CAPTURED London, Feb. 18.—-Three gener- als, 200 other officers, 3,000 sold- iers, 100 guns, four armored trains and great quantities of material were captured by the Bolsheviki |.at Odessa it is claimed inya wire- ‘less message from’ Moscow receiv- ed today, MEXICO INDIAN GIVER; TAKING BACK ITS LAND Mexico City, Feb, 12-— President Carranza’s administration intends to recover to the nation great tracts of land conceded by previous adminis- trations to foreign interests, accord- ing to statements of Mexican officials, It intends also to enforce the con- stitutional prohibition barring for- eigners from holding land within 62 ‘miles of the Mexican frontier and 31 miles from the coastline. The general trend of their state- ments is to the effect that it is the purpose of the administration to avoid colonization projects that might even- tually endanger the nation and: to re- cover, dominion over. oi] lands with- out violating the legal rights of the present produc: : These statements were made in ex: planation of the government’s request that the 1919 congress float a loan of 50,000,000 pesos to enable the nation to recover Jand held under conces- sions by foreign interests. The officials stated that the greater part of several states, such as Lower California and Chiapas, is held by foreigners under concessions given by previous administrations. Where the terms of these conces- sions have not been complied. with, they have been nullified, according to the department of agriculture. Part of the proposed loan was intended to indemnify holders for these conces- sions for improvements they had made. Interests who have been deprived of heir concessions by this nullification ave declared that interior conditions for the last ten years have made it impossible for them to fulfill their agreements. Various Bri ish repre- sentatives are said to be pushing for indemnification for work done on con- cessions especially in Lower Califor- nia and Chiapas. f Denial is made by Pastor Rouaix, secretary of agriculture and develop- ment, that the government plans to nullify all concessi anted under the Diaz and Madero regimes. Only those where prescrited obligations have not been met will be annulled he asserted. LAST FLOATING DEBT IS RAISED Washington, Feb. 15.-- Announcit that the last remaining floating in- debtedn of the government would be redeemed Monday. etary Hou ton of the said position of the treas- ury was “very bright’ and that the ogvernment’s officials saw nothing in the present financial situtation which they would regard as extremely grave OIL LAND LEASING BILL TO PRESIDE Washin Feb. 13, — Enactment n of the ‘oil land* leasing bill was com-| pleted today with the adoption of the; I conference report by the senate. The bill now goes to the President. Youthful Bolshevik General De- mands Departure of British From Odessa ASSERTS ORDER RESTORED Bolo Chieftain Declares He Has Suppressed Looting and Other Crimes ; Constantinople, Th sday, Feb. 12. | General Uborevitch, 28-year old Bol- sheviki commander at Odessa, has threatened that he will open fire on the British warships there within three days-if they remain in the harbor, ac- cording to a message received here from Rear Admiral McCully, com- manding the United States naval forces [operating in Russian waters. j The message was sent after the ad- miral had conferred with the general who expressed surprise that the Brit- ish warships had fired on his troops General Uborevitch, the message re- said he understood that the British had made a treaty with the Bolsheviki government. He declared merchant ships would be welcomed at Odessa for commercial purposes. The | looting immediately upon his arrival and had molested nobody’ but spies and thieves. WAR MOTHERS ON O’HARE ENDORSED Legion Auxiliary Unanimously Approves of Censuring Governor Many committees were appdinted by P. Quain, chairman of the Wo- uxiliary of the Bismarck post of the American legion at ‘the semi- monthly mecting of the organization at the Elks club last-night. There was | a good attendance and the members uanimously endorsed resolutions and petitions adopted by the War Mothers censuring Governor Fra-.| zicr for requesting the release of Kate Richards O'Hare gud petitionng Presi. dent Wilson udt to grant) Mr 'O’'Hare’s release from prison where she serving following her conviction on charges of seditious utteran 1 ¢lfare committee, headed by Mrs. 1D. McP! named by Mrs. Quain last night consists of M William Falconer, M Katherine McGarvey, Miss Ruth Wynkeop and Miss Hattie | Sactre. ‘The liaison committee is j composed of Mrs. Peter Reid, chai man; Joue Cashman, A committee consisting of . Falconer, Mes, O. W. Roberts and | Mrs. Frank Sturken was named to in- | vestigate the advisability of adopting zine for the auxiliary, i Acting on the suggestion of Mrs: Diy a number of pamphlets ony ag Etiquette” issued by the govern: |} ment will be sent for and distributed j among responsible officials at the cap {itol and court house. This action was decided upon when it was brought ont that at both buildings the American flag is allowed to fly day and night contrary to the usual respect shown | the national color 1 Due to the absence of Miss Agnes Orr, the secretary, Mi Dorothy Schnecker was named cretary pro tem. The members yoted to make the annual dues of the auxiliary $1. (Copies of the auxiliary’s constitution | { will be printed and distributed to euch | | member. |BROTHERS KILLED BY CYANIDE GAS Fargo, Feb, 1 ed by cyanide fumes employed in the fumigation of their rooming house, Nei] C. Gire, 56, { and Carl Gir tudents at thet Hanson = Automobile and — Tractor school, were found dead at 4p. me. yesterday in’ their Front street. It is helic the men had} heen dead about i" hours) when th bodies were found. The vietim the sons of C, O. | Gire of Fosston, Mim, and have been {in Fargo about two months. | Mrv Wasem got into communication with | Hthe father last evening: amd received | ' that) Mr, arrive in| ‘argo today to ce thet | bodies. Wa A iminary Coroner: Wasem = yes develaped | that no one knows how the men got j into their room, Sam Levin conducts restaurant on the ground floor of | the building and a rooming house on j the second floor. He has been clean | ing up the place and yesterday was fumigating the rooms upstairs, (RED RIVER VALLEY | IN BLIZZARD GRIP} | | Fargo, N. bligzard is rans’ eastern part Jef the state this morning. The w ‘ind at Fargo is very strong and snow is being whirled ‘into drifts. Reports | from Devils Lake state that the storm there is very severe with a heavy! sonw fall, From Jamestown west, re-| how that the wind decreases in | Joseph WILSON HOPES TO HEAD NEXT CABINET MEET Marked Improvement in Condi- tion of President Indicated By Activity Washington, Feb, ~The next | meeting of the cabinet probably will be called aud presided over by Presi- dent Wilson, eeretary Lansing who has been suing the ‘calls for the meetings for several months said today he) had written cabinet officers that there will! be no More regular sessions of the president’s ollicial family for the pres: ent. He would offer to explanation, but it was: understood that his letter was written by direction of Mr. Wil- son. t For several weeks now the president | has been taking more and more of a band in the conduct. of official busi ness. Secretary Tumulty id today he had never seen Mr. Wilson looking better. NO AID OFFERED FARMERS 70 BUY FERD AND SERD County Commissioners Decline to Authorize Bond Issue At their recent meeting, the county commissioners réfused to adopt res lutions providing for feed and bonds to aid certain farmers in the northeastern part of the county who, because of the drought and other rea- sons, were unable to harvest crops last season. It is pointed out that many of the farmers who are ‘sulfering trom lack of seed and feed are still indebted to the county for funds advanced them several years ago for the same pur- po . Other farmers operating in the me district were able to grow suf- ficient feed and seed for their own uses and for sale, it is said. . | With the exception of certain parts of the northeastern section of the county, farmers as a whole are capa- ble of securing all the seed and fees | they will require for this year’s crops. | Where wheat and oats failed to: pro- duce big crops last year many’ farm- 's have realized comparatively large through the sale of hay at high is year many sections in the northern part of the county will give! Kubanka wheat a trial while the southern half of the ¢ounty will raise corn to a large extent, Farmers are very optimistic about crop possibili- ies for this year and are hoping that there will be no extended drought this year. SMALL TORNADOES DO MUCH DAMAGE) Loss of Life and Property Re- ported in Georgia Atlanta, Ga., Feb. One person, a L-year old negro girl, is known to | E killed and a number of oth- | injured in the of | small tornadoes which swept section of Georgia late yesterday. Reports of additional deaths have not been con- firmed. Property damage was reported from two counti The tornadoes wer said to have cul. paths approximately 409 feet wide und generally to have swept dista rauging from a few hundred yards to half a mile. NORTHERN MANITOBA TO FURNISH PULP. WOOD AND POWER FOR ALL CANADA! Winnipeg, Man. Morrison, of Ruper! the provincial le: » to assist ip developi of Northern | Manitoba, declare water power | ore can be obtained to meet the fuel | great quantities of pulp wood are able if i would be built in the nc present transportation adequate to tr Intario and Eastern Canada mills it is claimed, WELL KNOWN BOWMAN COUNTY WOMAN DIES | Land, has v BOWMAN, N. 1D., Feb, 18.—Mrs. Moor whose huslhend has; been sheriff of Bowman county for several terms, died suddenly this week | as a result of a relapse from the fiv Mrs. Moore was taken ill while yisit- ing her old home in Minnesota. She} apparently recovered and returned to Bowman, when she became unconsc dd with: few hours. M ity and that the snow fall 1s 5 light e now is in the ge busines 4 }eon J. Lambert, 35 ye: the proprietors of the New York cash Wilson Assures Brotherhood Heads That the Government’s Policy Is Based on Justice to All—Terms Not Given Out at White House hhington, Feb. 13.—An “unalter- decision in the railroad wage y was made today by Presi- on in conference with repre- sentatives of the brotherhood. The president said the government’s policy was “based on justice to all inter- ests.” The pi nounced: dent's decision was not an- t the White Hosue. Officials tid it was “a decision containing a proposal.” From this, is was assum- ed, that the president had refused to srant general wage increases, but baa made a counter proposition to the men. Secretary Tumulty declined to say whether the president had refused specifically the wa demand, saying that “everyone wants to settle the str and that the brotherhood chiefs should haye an opportunity to consider the president’s suggestion or proopsal without outside interference. ‘The president's statement that the government’s policy was. “based on justice to all interests” is in line with | the final world presented to the union leaders by Director General Hines at Ure last conference with them. HINES’ PROBABLE STAND Mr. Hines was understood to have told the men that with the return of the roads to private control under the new railroad bill and impartial trib: unal for consideration of their demand would be created, Mr. Hines was understood to have suggested .-to the president that if an increase in pay were granted the men the rouds would seck an increase in freight rates which would mean an in- crease in 1 costs. Inasmuch as the unions were pressing strongly for reduction in living costs officials said. there was reason to believe that the president had employed this tn his answer to the union spokesmen. WILSON ENJOYED SHAVE. When the’ railroad men greeted the president they told him ‘he was look- ing well. * “7 Lave just “been shaved,” gaid the president, “that helps a bit.” The president sitting in his wheel chair in a corner under the south portico wrapped in a blanket shook hands avith the men when Secretary Tumulty presented them. They stood up during the conference with their overcoats on but their hats in their hands. The president pressed them.to put their hats on because of tho dampness but they refused after read- ing his ment the president asked them to consideration to his sug- gestion and they promised’ te do so. AUTOMOBILE AND TRUCK DEALERS IN ASSOCIATION An association compri automobile and truck deal- ers of North Dakota and western Min- nesota. wi “lat a banquet and get-to-gether ing of nearly 300 dealers in’ the Waldorf hotel, the gathering being the closing event on the Dealers’? day program for the Fargo-Moorhead Auto show. , Tee Cowell, former mayor of Valley: City and an automobile dealer there, was elected president of the new a: sociation. George N. Ke on of Bis- matek elected vice-president, and Harry it amestowh Was: named secret reasurer, BOOSP FOR GOOD ROADS The object of the new association, outlined by Mr. Keniston, who delivered the chief address at the ban- quet, is to inspire furthe: co-operation among the automobile and truck deal- ers of the territory embracing Fargo | and Moorhead, and to work co-opera- tively for the betterment of roads in the Northwest. Officers of the new or- ganization were charged with the duty of organizing the association be- fore the next Fargo-Moorhead Auto how, when dealers will meet here again, “Tho banquet. last night, which urted at 10 o'clock with the close f the Auto show and continued un- til 2 o'clock this morning, was given the Fargo-Moorhead Automobile le association to visiting dealers ‘from North Dakota and western Min- i nesota ‘and to automobiie factory rep- resentatives, who are in the city this week for the show., ENTERTAINMENT ENJOYED ntertainment features of the pro- am, Which had been urranged for [by W. A. McMillan of Fargo. were of pptional merit. Numerous humor- stunts were injected into a pro- m given by a quartet comprised \oe Will Magill, Arthur Paulsrud, Wal- ter Wright and Alfred Hauser, They sang several selections, and were lib- ly applauded by the dealers. One vaudeville number from the Grand preved a valuable addition to the en- tertainment program. DEVILS LAKE MERCHANT IS INFLUENZA VICTIM ‘. D., Feb. 12. of age, one of Devils Lake, store, died here late last night from pneumonia following influenza. Mr, | Lampert is survived by bis widow,