The Bismarck Tribune Newspaper, April 23, 1919, Page 2

ee GE:2, “BISMARCK DAILY TRIBUNE WHAT IS ATTITUDE OF AMERICAN PEOPLE TOWARD NATIONS LEAGUE? Arguments For and Against to Be Presented in Series of Seven ‘Articles by Tribune Staff Writers—Poindexter Sees Final Defeat of North by the South in Proposed Covenant BY HARRY B. HUNT. oN. EA ishington Bureau. Washington, D. C. What 1s the attitude of the Ameri- can people toward the league of na- tions? y That, it is admitted here, is the big- gest question in this country today. (Many maintain it is the biggest in the world, for on it may depend not only Our own future as a nation, but the future of all mankind in all nations. President Wilson says: “An over- whelming majority of the American people is jn favor of the League of nations. I have had unmistakable in- timations of it from all parts of the eountry, and the voice rings’ true in every case.” Yet in the United States senate, where the members also keep their ears to the ground a very large num- ber of senators have taken a determ- ined stand in opposition to the league —at least’to the league as it would ‘be established under the constitution submitted to the Paris peace confer- ence. The importance of this question cannot be overestimated. On that both the president and his opponents are agreed. Both are seeking to win the ublic ear. ACH SIDE'S ARGUMENTS. WALL BE WEIGHED. The president bas said he will bring the league proposal back so interwov- én with ‘the terms of the treaty of peace that the league cannot be reject- ed by the senate without rejection of the peace settlement also. ‘ Both the president and the oppos- ing members of the senate, however, will be special pleaders. Jn order that the people may have: am intelligent basis upon which to form thefr conclusions with regard to the league, it is necessary that “they have BOTH. sides, presented in such form as will make possible calm com- parison and study. To make this possible, the Daily Tribune will take up, item by ‘tem, thé objections that have been raised to the proposed league, will give the basic arguments presented to support each: objection, and the answers of those who defend the league's consti- tution as presented by President Wil- son. With both sides thus present- ed. on each major question raised, it will be possible for readers to weigh more intelligently the issues that will determine ‘their attitude toward this vita) national problem. QUESTIONS ARTICLES WILL DEAL WITH. Among. the questions to be dealt with inthese subsequent articles aré: Would a league of nations ag pro- yided*for.in the constitution laid be- fo¥e the Paris peace conference pre- vent war ‘or would ‘it breed disputes and friction and thus foster war. “Would acceptance by. thegUnited | | States‘of membership in the proposed » league. violate our constitution? Would membership in the league de- prive us of our sovereign right to de- cide-for our selves how large an army and navy we should maintain; how much money’ we should appropriate for an army and navy; when we should declare war or when make peace; when our treaties should be ‘binding; what our treatment of com- merce should pe, or how greati our gifts of funds to other powers and peoples? Would the acceptance of the terms of the league deprive us of the’ safe- guards enjoyed under the Monroe di trine, and open the western hemis- phere to the domination and dicta- tion of league? determine what peoples or nationali- ties could be barred from American citizenship, or would it strike down the bars so carefully built up against immigration from China and Japan? These are some of the questions up- on which doubt has been thrown by discussion in the senate and alse- ; Where, and upon which the American people should have the angwer—it there is an answer. COULD WE WITHDRAW FROM THE LEAGUE, The other questions involyed, each of major importance are Once we entered the league. COULD th be any withdrawal? If the United States, after a period as a member of the league of nations, should find it infringed her sovereign- ty in vital ways or it for other rea- jsens she should wish to yield her ! membership, could she withdraw after having given due notice? Or would sion from the league be to invite ", as when the southern states at- tempted to secede from our own union of states? Also: WOULD the United States, as a member of the league, have any discretion in the acceptance of man- datories or guardianship over nations not to stand alone, or over peoples not yet qualified.for self-government? In other words, could the-Kuropean mem- bers of the league “wish” upon us the gaardianship of the Balkans or of Tur- key or of other troublesome states they might not wish to stand respons- ible for, if we did not wish to accept such mandatory? ObjectoM to the league insist that these matters should at least be clearly “written in the bond.” Among those whose views pro and con will be given on these debated questions of the league will be Presi-| dent Wilson, ex-President Taft, Sen- ator Knox, former Secretary of State; Senator Lodge, who will be chairman of the senate foreign affairs commit- tee in the next senate; senator Hitch- cock, retiring chairman of tie foreign affairs committee; Juscice siaiford or the supreme court Gt the Wiswict of Columbia, and Senators Cummings, Reed, Lewis,, Owen, Poindexer. bor- ah, McCumber, aHrdwick, Pentege Phelan and others. In addition, tfe views of statesmen from George Wash- ington and Thomas Jefferson to Presi- dent Roosevelt, Taft and Wilson ‘will be presented upon the desirability ‘and, feasibility of some such covenant of: nations to safeguard and preserve in! ternational peace. After all, most constitutions depend upon their “interpretation.” The United States Supreme court has peen our constitution, and finds something ne the declarations of its preamble, which states its purpose to prevent wars and to maintain peace, that} the interpretation of the ,constitution of sionally still in it. It is on pend. But, it is fairly asked, who 43 will the interpretation be binding on us. Every. concientious American-should BURLEIGH COUNTY HAS OPPORTUNITY TO GET FEDERAL AND STATE AID IN BUILDING OF PRINCIPAL HIGHWAYS How. Burleigh “county may avail it-j self of federal and state ald in the construction of better roads is related in :the following questionaire which fias. been filed with the Burleigh county commission by the state high- ‘Way department: Burleigh county is to be given the ~ Opportunity’'to build its principal yoads with federal and state aid. Federal Aid. There is $68,486.11 of federal aid available to Burleigh county. This $68,486.11 is a part of the $4, 223,000.00 which in round numbers, is Notth Dakota's share of two hundred atid seventy-five million dollars appro- Priated,: Keventy-five million in 1916 and two’Atndred million this year, by the, ca: of the United States to ald ‘tle<states in constructing state highways. mpenditure: of Federal Ai iis instructions and according to law the folowing principal conditions gov- ef the @btaining of federal aid. “1. The federal aid is available for ofly, ¢ Hmited time. If a state does WOR, Ase Up its share of federal aid within the time limit then the amount Highway: commission to apportion the |. Sid »'amo) the counties of vstate.. ‘The state commission may Xéep” exch county's share available until, used up, subject to the preced- ; i, of, it the state com- that ay county cannot /M0t use its share, then the ist may give that share ‘s )-Oter coafity or counties. 3." ‘aid can be used to pay not “tHgn one half-the cost of @ project did at least one-half must s thbeey must be spent-upon is forming part of the system as approved by be.of ¢onstruction, the ne- y the Secretary as a sub- The secretary of the U.S. depart-; | MmeAt, of.agriculture has charge of the) i ‘and under|“¥St apportion the fund among the ufhexpénded © reverts to the general The secretary allows the state, be paid iy the county or the state; 2 fement, upon which he: remenit can el of the secretary. The work must be Supervised by the state highway com- mission and is subject to the approval of the Secretary. The work must be supervised by the state highway com- mission and ig subject to federal in- spection. 7. The state highway commission must guarantee that the road will be adequately maintaingd after built. « State Aid. | There is $20,000.00 of state aid that jis or will be available to Burleiga county. This is part of the state aid fund [which is derived from the automobile ligense fees and is by law placed at the disposal of the state highway commission, The conditions, imposed “oy law, governing the use of the, state aid fund, are: The state highway corfmission counties according: to the proportions in which it is collected. 2. The state aid money is to be used with at least an equal amount of county money in building ‘state highways within the county. 3. The construction accomplished by the use of state aid should be such European members of the! { Would it deprive us of the right to} busy for over 100 years interpreting; road levy the league of nations must chiéfly! dé-| to interpret this constitution? And} study both sides of this problem. junder v it is LOVE WINS -18 WILL WED ’46 | i ry — Z ELIZABETH S. WRENTMORE Parental objection. to the wedding of 18 and 46 have failed to convince Miss Wrentmore that she should not marry Francis Burton Harrison, gov- ernor-general of the Philippines. The wedding will take place as soon as the divorce of Harrison from his former wife becomes effective. - Miss. Wrent- more is a graduate of the University cleared up by haying the answers| of Washington and: is taking a finiesh- ing course in the University of Cali-: fornia. \When her father Was dean of the University of Manila she met the governor-general, as to constitute provement. 4. Surveys, plans and specifica- tions for the work must be made by the state highway commission, the award of the contracts .by the state highWay commission is subject to the approval of the county board of com- missioners, and the work must be su- pervised ‘by the state highway com- mission. . a substantial im- The State. Laws Provide a Way for the County to Secure Federal and . State Aid. , The’ se8sion laws {of 1918 - provided (see sections 1945 and 1946) that each state highway commission purposes to make surveys this summer and plans this winter. Contracts will be awarded beginning next spring and the work-of, construction carried on through’ the ‘working seasons of 1920 and 1921. Suggested Scheme for Financing Fed- eral and. State Aid’ Projects. The state aid available. to the coun- try may be added to the sum appro- priated by. the county board of com- missionerg to make a fund that-can be used as the ‘basis of a claim for an equa] amount of Federal aid. _ As indicated by the Program above; {the jcounty board may make. appro- priation from the levies of 1919, 192% and 1921 to provide the county’s share. | The total of assessed. taxable valua- tions in the county foreach of the néxt three years will be about 20 mil- lion dollars. A three millfevy. would produce annually: about $60,000.00, and for the three years’ would’ produce a total of about $180,000.00 seat The sum of the county and state funds would ‘be about ® $200,000.00. And the total of federal, state and county funds might be $400,000.00. |The Suggested: scheme will not Strip the County of Road Funds. The suggested . scheme will, leave available*to the county, commissioners {for work under their ‘sfipefvision on roads not’ being constructed. by the state highway commission the poll tax, the general road tax, tie bridge tax,‘and the’ balance of the special road fund. The ‘suggested ‘scheme does not} eake any. money from the township} board or from the funds administered by’ the county commissioners in be- half of the unorganized townships. Practical Points Concerning the Ap- plication of Federal and State Aid. The. combined federal, state and county fund would be used to build the state ‘Highways which are the! principal’ county roads. . ! Itsis. probable ‘that , arrangements | could be made, if desired, to enable the county to do a part of the worki with county organization and county equipment. = In any event it is certain that this construction would bring a big ‘de- mand for local labor and teams, espe- cially at times when the farmers ‘aré not busy with their crops, as well as a big increase of business for the; merchants of the towns. in the county. . The taxes on railroad, telegraph and telephone companies would. under! this plan pay heavily toward the im- provement of the roads but it is be-| lieved that they will not object since} the improvement aimed at is such an! important public benefit and will, in| the long run, by raiding progress and prosperity bring them better busi- ness, : { ! i] i i Does Burleigh County Want Federal and State Aid? - | 1. Does the. county wish to appt | WEDNESDAY, APRIL 23, 1919 sultant saving in the cost of hauling and travelling over the road. The roads to be improved under the described: program are the principal roads in the county, roads which on account of their importance to the county will require substantial im- provement within a few years. | tially built, with the county paying less than one-half of the cost the ob- vious result will be that at an early date the county will be compelled to bear the entire expense for this work. « Respectfully submitted, STATE HIGHWAY COMMISSION. ‘April ‘showers. wash and clean old Mother: Earth of~Winter’s germs and impurities.. Hollister's Rocky Moun- tain Tea does the same thing for your stomach,» bowels, © blood—purifies, cleans you” thru and. thru,‘a thoro Spring remedy. Tea ore Tablets. for léss than’ its share, $68,486.11 ot} federal aid and if so in what amount?! $283 , or \ | 2. Will the county provide for its! share, $68,486.-, of federal aid?, | 3. Will the county make arrange-: ments to apply-for federal aid in, an; county should levy from one-fourth to four mills to be known as the special and the session laws of 1917 provide (see Chypter 121, sec- tion 1946 amended) that all or any part of the special road levy may be used to cooperate with the state high- session. *2S8tatement of Federal Aid. Federal aid apportioned to Burleigh county, $87,500.16, Federal aid set. aside for projects Y, $19,014.05, ald available, Since somé of the counties will probably fail to use their total share of federal aid, the state highway com- mission will receive application from a county for federal aid in excess of its Apportionment and will allow all, or as much as possible, of the above application it is suggested that Burleigh county apply for $200,000.00 tederal ‘aid: Statement of State Aid. —State aid credited to Burleigh eoun- ty, 1917 and 1918, $5,693:85, State aid set aside for“projeets un- der way, none. ‘ alance ‘of state aid credits $5.- patka 1919, 1920 and 1921, $14; 206.15, Total of state aid available to Bur- ; leigh county, $20,000.00, Spggested Program for Federal and State Aid Construction, __If the county -undertakes an extens- ive program of road improvement tn- der federal and state aid then the STHMA , There is no “cure” but relief is’often * brought by— “YOUR BODYGUARD” - 30s, 60s, Many people use SammA because it is quick and. ety, Others use it because they are thrifty.. All use it because it is good for the leather. 50 shines in key opening box. ee iy wa amount. greater than $68,486.11. but | less than $200,000, if so in what amount? §..0.55/2, or $a 4. Will the county make arrange-| ments to apply for the amount, $200-/ 000.00, suggested, or inh. 5. Does the county ,wish to apply! for federal aid in an amount greater hthan $200,000.00, and Af ao in» what; amount? $....0.... J In conclusion we wish to state em- phatically that in every case where road is built under federal and state; ‘aid the state nighway commission will endeavor to secure a type of construc: | tion \suitable to the traffic needs of; the road, and the improvement will be so planned that the cost of the road will be low in proportion to the re} 1 . DEPOSITS i ing numbers. ’ ~ limit. _ Columbia Phonographs Columbia Records ON EASY TERMS WHEN DESIRED COWAN’S DRUG STORE -BY OUR. PARTICIPATION: IN THE STATE DEPOSITORS . GUARANTY FUND ~Lest We F orget Our own boys are coming home in ever increas- They can tell you the essential \ things your. money bought in previous loans. They \ know what finally ‘crushed the Thing We Fought. \ Rest ‘assured that thie—The Victory Loan is no less necessary than the ones before. Subscribe as you did before—more than your - ss If the county neglects this opportu-| By Project Engineer. ‘ Jos. Breslow. nity to have its main roads substan- March 24, 1919 —— 7 oe THE. PSMOOTHEST 7 SMOKING | TOBACCO ’ WHEN i smoke, ! want my tobacco cured by Mother Nature— : not by Mother-in-law Process. é There is nothing harsh. in Nature’s methods—no - Stunts, no “hurry-up.” atk Her quiet, patient way with VELVET during its two’years age- ing in, wooden hogsheads, brings out all the kindly comfort of fine Ken- , _tucky Burley leaf. , ; The quicker, less expen- sive methods cannot possi- / bly produce the fragrance, A . coolness and downright pipe qualities of VELVET, _cured in Nature’s way. 2 Today ‘it is your privilege to.enjoy; with hundreds of~ thousands of other smok- ers, this mild and friendly VELVET tobaccc. fat Roll a. VELVET Cigarette VELVET’S nature-aged mildness and smoothness make it: just right tor cigarettes, a Own Your Own Home mmecaah Stop'paying rent. 5 Either buy or build your“own | >~ home. Our monthly payment ees plan will enable you to do this. .- We have financed .th® building. of two hundred and fifty homes. - in Bismarck ‘during the past twelve years. se Bismarck Building and Loan Ass'n. ‘> FYL.“CONKLIN, Secretary Assets,'$175,000.00: \ SECURED Attention We have several teams and men that are available for imme- diate work—hauling, teaming or cleaning up, also garden plowing, before our regular— Sth _ ICE SEASON OPENS . - —Call—_—_—_. ‘ \ - ’ BISMARCK- BANK * - Bismarck, N. D. =