The Bismarck Tribune Newspaper, January 3, 1917, Page 4

rer nt (our police and is growing stronger and*stronger every day. It is a disgrace to our Civilization and ought to be abolished. ig Watered at the Postoffice, Bismarck, N. ' ISSUED EVERY DAY EXCEPT SUNDAY SUBSCRIPTION RATES PAYABLE IN SALOON PROBLEM. ADVANCE not unlikely that those who £9 sre fighting the saloon may be fooled = by gns of victory” in the maps > showing dry territory. = Putting the saloons out of busi. (Established 1872) hess isnt a ti S| toring land areas. : Be shown on prohibition mays = = =—= <= iz represents farm lands while black LOCAL WEATHER BULLETIN. areas represent congested popula = For the 24 hours ending at 12°, tions me I ae The pro of the saloon is im tensely human—it has to do with = men and women and most of those 5 who onquered territory live in which do not cover ) 0-E & Highest wind velocity ... D ¥ é Forecast. much | Ey “ For North Dakota: Partly cloudy) gay 4: ser cenv of the pore tonight, colder in north and west ae eee ee | portions: Wednesday generally fair lation in dry states live in i = 5 € and colder. Whereas, in the wettest states in this j ’ ORRIS W. ROBERTS, Meteorologist about 75 per cent live in the ure fourth of all the people in the al Tempe 4 pee PO aes é United States living in wet territory : aieee ee ep ae “i New York, Chicago, 4, Galveston 64 is, Boston and = * Havre ....... -- of the people in reese City 28 four states— i ¢ Mies ¢ sate 14 and oe Moorhead 4 : < Pierre ...- as 8 The fight against t Bf) HOW'S YOUR RHEUMATICS? | origin in the countr} } Rheumatism has been explained by growth of religious dampness and fog, as in England; b¥ | farmer of today inher! a rice and tea diet, as in Japan; by his forefathers ‘or the f s eating too much meat. as in the Unit- hits the saloon a ed States. At last we have an inter national explanation of this univer sal discomfort. It is a pus Fac some-| ar where in the body, which constantly | leaks minute portions of poison into loon will have to unde: nd the system. they can't fight the saloon dig in Infected teeth and tonsils cause dustrial towns with an elaborated about 75 per cent of ali cases of rural program ay 3 yheumatism, if the new ybeory is It's true that here and there sa f “ ~=—s correct. A tiny pus pocket may form) joons have been closed in some > ‘ in the canal of the “dead” nerve of towns, but usually this h: : * a tooth without the individual's’ to the votes of the cou! ey knowledge. Then the blood will car- uency. ry certain chemical products of the. J; jc in the industrial city and state germs and pile them up at some COD thar the Jact big battle on the venient dumping spot. preferably the question will be fought out. And it heart or the joints. Sometimes thes€ js here that the opposing forces are pas € aceumulations show as the enlarge’) seraving themsely faetellancae i ee ments, deformities or stiffness OF! aiveis. the workingmen of this coun- : > rheumatism. try will say whether the nation shall # rd This explanation of the disease al- go “dry.” & 86 explains why rheumatism medi- *% —_ cines, of which mankind has absorb- TIME AND THE BEE. ig ed oceans, so seldom cure. It evi, The real wonders of the moving Fi dently transfers the treatment of picture machine are net 2 rheumatism from the physician to the} which the public cares m ¥ dentist. jare the marvels which the came a! e =o discloses in the various fields of sci- 3 SYSTEM WRONG. ence “ty July, 1915, Charlie Klein, a 15-{ a Bis “oc year-old“boy: of Baltimore, disappear} horse were shown, : and horse 5 | ed -in..company with another lad, lovers.discovered th y had never es named Dick Barrett. Barrett is said, before seen how 2 horse actually to be a rather tough boy and was; moves. arrested for the murder of Klein; phere are thousands of movements There. was. no evidence against bIM/ jn pature which are far too rapid for except that stated above. {the human eye to detect. Dut the The police adopted a theory. The scientific camera has gradually been police always adopt a theory. conquering time. The tale of the The adoption of a theory is a per-! photographing of a bee in flight. as fectly proper thing on the part of the! told by Francis A. Collins in his book, } police, but when they attempt to es-!"The Camera Man.” is a romance of tablish that theory by such methods /a race between nature's mechanism as are common in the abominable in the shape of a bee's g, and the practice of giving accused people the mechanism man has devised in the “third degree,” they themselves be-form of the moving piceure machine. It appears that the beat of a bee's ‘ They became criminals in the wing is one of the most rapid move- Klein-Barrett case. They attempted| ments in nature. The ordinary mov- to extort 4 confession from young ing picture camera takes 16 pictures Barrett and they finally succeeded. a second, but this was too slow for They told him that Klein’s body had/the bee. Then a machine which could deen found. They insisted that Bar-} do an exposure in one-two hundredth rett had murdered him. They at last/of a second was used, but the bee beat down his psychology and turned! was still leading. his brain. His first story was that! Finally a special e of scientific they had met some tramps and that, moving picture machine was operat- the tramps had killed young Klein. ed. Then, by a constant battery of ac-} “A bee was launched almost upside cusations, false statements an dintim-| down before the camera. and the film idations an dother persecutions, they! Shows its efforts to right itself. The turned the poor boy's brain and he bee regained its equilibrium so qu! | confessed that he himself had beaten! ly that no human eye could possi . Klein to death with a gun which they; follow its movements. The final ex- had stolen. | posure shows the bee right side up Only two statements in this confes- 20d making a ‘bee line’ for saf sion were true. The two dors had The entire operation was performed met some tramps. and one of them i2 one-hundredth of a second, during had stolen a gun. ; which period 20 sharply focused pic . tures were taken.” Emo oF tree aise aoe youre | But so slowly does the human eye Klein was discovered 2 Cumberland, | , .commodate legelfctonthe dauailevoe Ber, alive, Welland at work." He had | notion, that when the 4¢e films are been afraid to go home after running t he feared that his. par- shown, they musi be slowed down to cathe pect ieee sok se } the rate ordinarily used. and the bee's ents were angry at him. wings “appear to flap as lazily as Barrett when told that Charlie was | me of re very aauteie chicken alive and well had only one remark | when stretching itself.” to make. | Thus the most ardent movie fan is “Well, then, I didn’t kill him, did} quite unaware of the most amazing eet bed hes to say. ehcrttn | features of this great modern art. e Barrett boy now says that the; police wouldn’t believe him when he! iN AGRICULTURAL COMMISSION told them the‘ truth and that they; There was-announced yesterday the F; that 4 | 2ppointment of Stanley Abbott of the Sag ae Ladera Tare ne is | Agricultural college staff to be deputy Killed his chum that he actually be-/ gairy commissioner, succeeding E. H. lieved it himself. Pierce. Miss Vesta Ruswell, also of ~ How many so-called confessions ex-' Fargo, has taken a position as steno- torted : third degree grapher in the office of the commis nies ‘ are bod ee of agricuiture and labor. 7 ‘ jonly appointment now remaining to * The police officer who adopts these 1] is that of dairy commissioner, in methods is himself a criminal. They | succession to E. A. Greenwood. are just as illegal as murder, and in ny cases they are equally iniqui-: extorted by nen! Export Phonography ‘eart which calle iscit's cut, aNd Typewriting x | WALTER W. ScMAHON come criminals. When’ the first--films of a running; The | i Gentlemen of the Senate and Howse of Representatives of North Dakota: Our constitution provides that the Governor at the commencement of cach Iegislative assembly shall com- bi municate to the as- sembly by..message recommend ation s and information up- on sveh subjects as he shal! deem’ of in- terest to the legisla- ture. It is the cus- tomin other sistes, 2s well as in ov own, for both the re- uring governor and the incoming gover- nor to deliver a m State ity with this custom. 1 wish at this time mation which should be given you, Finances It is essential to present the state's problems in su way that it wil] be possible for the in- coming legislature to ther needs of the state as easily and n The State Board of equalized the pro vied an SMeENnt against ir judgment was sufficient to care for 1 sessinent aud levy; that peri 0. 1917. The State Auc letailed statement, show: the balances said und fixed appropriations i r the period named. and it w: they amounted to the sum cof here was a credit balance m the Treasury July 1, 1916, of $346,- tith would come in from mis- as corporation fees, taxes _ upon t upon public funds and. other It was elso estimated d and that weuld~ come al of $1,052,013.26. Ir efore te Board of Equalization assessment against the property of the state suiic- + t made, that 2. 2 sum of $ ation thereupon equalized er making the equalizetion the amount of money nb the estimated u. 0.00. tbat e was of the sum of $297 jent, upon wh be a tax lev: necessary ww forward the business of the si it was found there could be a red made from the total assessed valuation of all property and large enough. and a redue- ms of dollars. Two-thi Je upon farm lands. a part.of it on lalance in the assessed valuation left the net valustion of all prop- erty for the year 1016 ut $554.496.097.00, Under the.constitu- nu of the state it is only possible for the Board of Eq tion to levy for the state General Fund a tax of four mills -on the dollar. The legislature of 1915 had provided a levy of one-eighth of a mill for a ferminal elevator tax. This wax £ Egualization in 1916, leaving a net Liths wills upon the dollar of the e hundred and fifty-four yaillicus is estimated, however, that from ‘ar millions aud odd dollars of Still te town and © t of railroad property, was levied by the Board f three ¢ levy for the General Fund. It this three hundred and the tata) assessed veluxtion of the state that there would 1 deduction of about eight millions by reason of 5.0 exemption allowed upon every personal property ement. so that there would be in round figures about forty-six millions of net assessment. This nd seven- < would bring to the General 1,000.00, or $260,000.00 in excess y to carry forward the business dred and the state abuy quirements 1 1 to provide funds for. In inst the state presented and were all the taxes and miscellaneous would be a balance in the General i 1.00.00. In addition to uis period forty or fifty thousand eritance tax. which weuld add just ral Fund of the state. There was ion ‘this past summer that the State Board of ad nof le x sufficient fur the needs of that by making the reduction of about thirty s in the assessed valuation of the state that jent funds to carry on the business of his impression was erroneous as the . were Fund of the state + i ould b jars revenue from th that much more to the Ge: figures I n set forth plainly show. It not the province of var of Equalization at any time to antici- pate appropriations that may be made by a future legislature and my understanding is that our Supreme Court has passed hat question aud has said that the Equalizetion Board to levy taxes in anticipation of appropriations made in the future by a state legislature. Had we permitted this thirty millions of assessment to stand, it would h; brought into the General Fund of the state about $116.000.C0, but as stated previously, the board did lery $260,- 000.00 in excess of the amount needed for the current year and they would have been entirely justified had they reduced the valuation of the property in the state still further. In any appropriations that may be made by this legislature, those appropriations should not be made and payable out of current funds. The State Board of Equalization at its meeting in August of this year should equalize the property of the state so that upon it the constitutional levy can be made and that the appropriations as made by you and sanctioned by the Gov- ernor can be paid. The funds raised by the Board of Equaliza- tion of 1916 ure not for appropriations that may be made by you but are to nish paying the appropriations made by the upon legislature of 1915 for expenditures from July 1, 1915 to June 30, 1917. of the light crop whic ati The Board of Equalization further felt that in view -h had been raised, it was wise to reduce the assessed v of the state as far as possible without crippling the state's finances in any way and thereby make the burden of the state tax as light for the people as possible... It has been the custom for several years past to levy each year two-tenths of a mill upon the assessed valuation oftheproperty of the state for State Bond Sinking Fund, but for the tax year of 1916 for the reason above stated, it was thought best not to do this. There are no state bonds due for several years. In the State Bond Interest Fund we have at the present time to pay the interest on all state bonds up to 191s. ‘We have been levying one-tenth of a mill upon the a: ed valuation of the property of the state each year for bond interest. This was not necessary and s0°no levy was made for bond sinking fand or bond interest, 4 saving to the people of the state of three-tenths of a mill-upon the total assesssed valuation of the state. or a total of about $105,000.00. This added to the saving made to the people by the reduction of the thirty millions in the assessed ‘valuation ‘previously referred to, makes a total saving to the people of North Dakota in the 1916-state taxes of approximately $225,0000Q,> _ _ In making appropriations, the appropriations made, beyond the so-called fixed appropriations, should not be made available until the Board of Equalization, at its session after the meet- ing of the State Legislature. shall have levied sufficient money to pay these appropriations. As the matter now stands, if the state tax and other funds shall be paid, there will be in the state treasury July 1, 1917. in the General Fund, enough money to carry on the state’s business from that time until the time the state tax for 1917 shall be due. In sddition there will be some money coming in for the period from miscellaneous sources, so that there should be available for the period from July 1, 1917toJanuary 1,1918 about $400,000.00 for carrying on the regular business of the state. There will be some saving due to the fact that all of the appropriations as made by the 1915 legislature will not be called for. There are today very few deficits, less than for years, which will come before this body from the last biennial period for adjustment. At the present time the bills against the state are practically all paid and never in its history has the state been in as good shape financially as it is at the pres- ent time. Four years ago the state owed over and above all funds and revenues available three hundred thousand dollars. In the past four years that has been paid. Had we been receiving the income from the oil inspection fees for the past three and one-half years, as had been done for a number of years previous, there would be in the General Fund in the state treasury today between three hundred and fifty and four hundred and fifty thousand dollars. Several appropriations made by the 1815 legislature and paid in the past two years will not come up again. Among the larger of these items was the sum of $50,000.00, generally believed taken illegally from the Wolf Bounty Fund in 1911 and credited to the General .d of the state for current expenses. In the past two years this mc has been paid back to the Wolf Bounty Fund where it belonged, BONDED’ DEBT. Four years ago the bonded debt of the state was $937,300.00. Today it is $462,000.00, a reduction in the bonded debt in four years of $475.300.00, or a little more than one-half. If finan- cial conditions in the state shall warrant it, it would be well in the next three or four years to continue to levy each year money for the bond sinking fund and then to anticipate the bonds whieb are still outstanding so that within the next or five years the state might be entirely free from debt, floating and bonded.’ The fact that North Dakota is getting out of debt as a state speaks well for the industry and thrift of our people and fs a'state record which will speak volumes for us with thinking men throughout the nation. BUDGET COMMITTEE. Two years ago I had the honor to recommend to the legis- ture the formation of a Budget Committee, whose duty it should be to gather the financial data of the state and present it to the incoming slature that they might have some basis upon which to act in the making of appropriations. The work of this committee has been carefully compiled and I earnestly recommend that you read carefully the report; you will find it of interest and it will be of service to you in determining the appropriations that should be made by you this winter. Experience has proven that the formation of the State Board of Control. having charge of the penal and charitable institu- tions, aud the formation of the Board of Regents, having in charge all of the higher educational institutions, was legisla- tion in the right direction. It is possible with the system under which these various institutions are now working, to present the needs of each of them in such a way as to present their real needs. Further, it is no longer necessary for mem- bers of tbe legislature from the various places where state institutions are located to devote all their time and energy to the securing of appropriations for their particular institu- tion, but gives to the members a broader opportunity to look after general legislation that may affect the interests of the whole state. Members are now aware of the fact that. the state boards having in charge the particular institutions will present the needs and interests of each in a fair manner and with equal justice to all. Further, a budget makes it possible for the legislature to make all appropriations upon a more even basis than was possible under the old system. I have had the honor in days gone by to be a member of beth the House and Senate of North Dakota and my experience in the past four years us Governor has firmly convinced me that we have made a long step in the right direction in pre- paring 2 budget and in placing our finances upon a proper basis. That which is true of the departments I have already spoken of, is true of the other departments of our state, repre- sented by our state officers in their various capacities and in ion With this. I wish to call the special attention of every Senator and Representative to the reports which have Leen made by the state officers, by the Board of Control, Board of Regents and other officers having to do with the affairs of the state, and would ask that every member read these reports carefully so as to thoroughly familiarize himself with the subject matter contained therein aud thereby get a full ang cecmplete grasp upon the various lines of work in which the state is interested. TERMINAL ELEVATOR. The first bill upon this subject introduced in our state legis- lature was introduced by myself in 1907 when a member of the North Dakota State Senate. This bill provided for the appointment of a Grain Commission who should give to the subject of terminal elevators, grain grading, dockage and all that might pertain to that particular business careful consid- eration, and that the commission should make a report of their findings to the Governor of the state that he might refer the matter to the legislaturé-for appropriate action. The bill introduced became a law and under the terms and conditions? of the law, Hon. John Burke, then Governor, appointed the } commission. They made a very good report, although they dia not go into the subject quite as fully as I would have liked 20%; have had them. : In a direct sense, we have no terminals, for the terminals for our grain lie within the confines of other states. If we build elevators in other states, the question arises. as to what control we would have over them, also as to the control we might have over the inspection of grain made at these term- inals, It, is true that at the present time we have federal- inspection, but that as yet is only in the beginning and we . cannot say whether federal inspection will be more satisfactory to our people than state inspection has been.” Were we to build terminals in North Dakota, they would not be terminal elevators, but would be really storage elevators. A large number of local elevators in North Dakota are now owned by the farmers. More will be and these farm elevators con- tribute a very large amount of storage. North Dakota ordin- arily ships out more than one hundred millions of bushels of grain and a large part of this grain goes forward in the months of September, October and November. It would be impossible for us to build anywhere near adequate storage for that vast amount of grain. All of the so-called country elevators in North Dakota should be encouraged and probably should ve - required by law to be equipped with modern grain cleaners and with power sufficient to run the cleaners in addition to the operation of the elevators. If the grains we send forward, either.to storage in our own state or to the terminals in other states were cleaned before they went forward, the! grades would be better. We would save a large amount in freight, for we would not then pay freight pa i ae We would also save the screenings to be used for feeding pur- poses by our own people at home rather than giving them away as we do now, and clean grain invariably weighs better, looks better and brings more money. Further, the elevator companies in the state should -be required by. law “6-1 up a large surplus in addition to their capital If we shall build’ storage elevators in North Dakota, arrange- fou / of farm contracts for lands WEDNESDAY, JAN. 5, 1917. trabsit rate of freight. We could not ship our grain to a storage elevator at Fargo or Grand Forks and pay the regular freight rate there and then later on take the grain out of that elevator and send it on to Minneapolis or Duluth and pay reight is necessary, another freight charge. A transit rate of fi which will pee the unloading of cars and the reloading of them when it is the desire and wish that the grain shall go forward. Again, a large amount of money would be necessary to finance and carry grain in these storage elevators. Banks, state and national, are only permitted to loan a certain per- centage of their capital aud surplus to any one individual, firm or corporation. This law is a wise one and as we have no banks in our own state sufficiently large to handle a large banking proposition such as this would be, arrangements would have to be made for the bringing in of outside capital. Read the report made by the Grain Commission named in 1907, and also the reports as made to the legislature of 1915 vy the State Board of Control and the recent report by the State Board of Railroad Commissioners. A fund of valuable information can be found in each of them. STATE BOARD OF CONTROL. This board has control of the state penal and charitable institutions-and has accomplished a great deal of good at each of the institutions under their charge. Many old buildings have been repaired and improved and new buildings have been erected. Some of the new buildings are the best in the North- west. The grounds at the institutions have been improved and beautified; the dairy and beef herds and the number of hogs and chickens materially increased. Supplies have been bought in quantities and an earnest effort madeto increase the efficiency in every way and yet to make the burden to the state as light as possible. All this has not been easy of accomplishment in view of the general tendency toward increased cost for labor, fuel, food and clothing. Read the report from this board and the reports as made by the head of each institution under their charge. A committee from the House and Senate should visit in an official way each institution and report back to you their findings. STATE MILITIA. The attention of the legislature is called to the fact that legislation will be required by your honorable bodies at this session to enact legislation to conform to the act of congress approved by the President June 3, 1916, in order that our state laws governing the National Guard may conform to and be in accord with the national laws. The proper data which may be necessary for intelligent cooperation and legislation can be obtained through the office of the Adjutant General. GOOD ROADS. The people of North Dakota are deeply interested in good roads. In the year 1916 there was received from auto licenses more than $120,000.00. All of this money, with the exception of the expense necessary to administer the law was returned to the several counties of the state and by them used for road construction. The Federal Congress at its session this past summer passed an act providing that the United States shall aid the states in the construction of roads. The first appro- priation ‘available for North Dakota from the Federal Govern- ment amounts to about $76,000.00. This money can be obtained as soon ag the state ‘shall pass legislation to conform to the Federal a All of the data received from the Federal authoritiee at Washington with reference to this act is on file with and in the office of the State Engineer. The best way for the state to raise money sufficient to. meet the Federal requirements and that North Dakota may receive from the Federal Government her proportion of the Federal aid, would be by using the auto license money for this purpose and I would recommend that appropriate action of this kind be taken. “If the state shall build some of the principal high- ways, then the roads leading to them will gradually and steadily be improved and by having the state road work done under the direction of the State Engineer and the State High- way Commission, and with state and federal aid, and done by contract, an immense amount of good can be accomplished. _. STATE BOARD OF REGENTS, Two years ago the Legislature passed an act creating the State Board of Regents and placing all of the higher educa- tional institutions under their control. The board has been at work for about elghteen months in co-ordinating and getting the work under their charge under way. They have accomplished much, but it takes time to get any new systen fairly under way. Their work should be con- tinued and the board given every encouragement. The mem- bers of the board have given freely of their time, ability and energy for the betterment of the schools. The regent system is right and all of the higher educational institutions should be continued under one board. This will result in efficiency and economy and will prevent duplication. PRIMARY ELECTIONS. Some years ago Hon. G. A. White of Traill County was a member of the House and introduced a Primary, election bill which was known then and has been known since as the “White Primary Election Bill”. This bill provided for con- ventions to be held by the different parties and that at such conventions there should be nominated majority and minority candidates, the nominees to go before the voters of the state at the regular primary election. A law of this kind would with- out doubt meet with the approval of the people of the state. _The Principal fault found in the old days with the conven- tion system was because in North Dakota we had what was known as the Unit Rule, so that the majority of a delegation from a county by adopting the Unit Rule controlled the vote of every member of the delegation. By enacting laws to pro- . vide for party conventions and prohibitin; rs iy g the use of nit Rule in the conventions, thereby making it possible rs wevery delegate to vote as he deems best, and letting conventions present to the People of the a weer bees minority party candidats for the various offices to be voted for at the general primary election, it would seem that a law of this character would clarify our primary elections. There is a further advantage in that by passing such a law and providing for conventions to be held by. the parties, then each convention would be responsible to their party and to the people generally for the candidates nominated. : RURAL CREDITS. No one subject has been of more interest to North Dakota than has been the hope of a successful solution of the rural credit problem. The Federal Government has Passed a rural credit law. Undoubtedly the law as passed by the Feaeal Government will be amended from time to time until it will tee, roe workable than it seems to be in its present form. aoe lai has a most Practical solution of the rural When we came into the Union as a the Federal Goreraiseit cule sightsorite cr “ Tike ae @ North Dakota as an endowment for our common school: addition to this we were given several hundred th ge of land, which were to be used as eid foe cae an endowment fund various state institutions. Many of these pare hee wal sold. At the present time we have still outstanding in the way sold but twelve millions of dollars. ut not fully paid for, nearly ved from the public lands money invested in state, school and ord to the amount of about eight millions of dollars. These bonds interest at four and five per cent. In addition to this pape a large sum loaned upon farm mortgages at five per aa and here is where the rural credit Proposition comes ra: ads sf. ona . , ep