Bemidji Daily Pioneer Newspaper, May 7, 1920, Page 8

HEIGHT GOVERNS SPEED IN AIR Geography . of the Atmosphere Outlined by a Practical Aeronaut, CONSISTS OF TWO LAYERS Greatest Discovery Yet Made in Ex- ploring the Ain—Attain Speed of 200 Miles an Hour at Higher Levels. ‘Washington.—In his spectacular fiight establishing & new aviation alti- tude record Maj. Budolph 'W. Schroe- der found trade winds of 200 miles an hour velocity far above the clouds, press dispatches state. The Dayton (0.) test pilot merely reported one of the new phenomena resulting from a study of the geography of the afr, stimulated by aerial travel, according to a bulletin of the National Geo- graphic soclety. “While the chemistry and physics of the atmosphere are understood, the geography of the alr is still practical- 1y unknown,” says Alexander McAdj» in a communication to the society. Great Rivers of Alr. “We are aware that there are well marked areas, zones and levels in this inverted bowl; and, though we may not see them, there are mighty rivers, far exceeding any of the rivers of earth in volume and speed, ‘rushing on for miles and miles, flow- ing vertically as well as horizontally. There are vast calm areas and stag- pant pools; also choppy seas and regions of great turbulence. “We are learning today that there are various layers in the air, which must be explored and studied before airships can travel in safety. In fly- ing, men will use only the lower strata, the cloud levels. Above all clouds are far-stretching heights, which, too, must be explored, not by plane and dirigible, but by the sounding balloon of the . aerographer. could be no geography of the air; for - there are no continents, oceans or visible geographical features in this “inverted bowl’ which we will call the eky. Do we not look clean through the atmosphere up into the heavens and, except for passing clouds, do we not know that there is nothing to be seen? ! “If the density of the atmosphere remained constant it could all be com- pressed into a layer about five miles thick. In that case the highest moun- tain peaks ‘would stand in space, plercing the so called homogeneous atmosphere. But the density decreases with elevation, and when the aviator reaches sn elevation of 10,000 meters he is in 8 medium which is only about one-third as dense as at the ground. There are no clouds above this level | “The greatest discovery yet made - ;i exploring the air is that the at- .:mosphere consists’of two great layers ~—the lower extending from sea level .up to 10,000 meters, In which there 1s a steady fall of temperature with elevation. This is called the tropo- sphere. Above this there is no fall and up to 20,000 meters a slight rise. The . upper layer is known as the stratosphere. Matter of Height and Speed. “It is actually possible today an airplane to rise from the gronn%l' to the bottom of the stratosphere, say about six miles, in one hour. If we - want to explore somewhat higher, say twenty miles, we install light instra- ments on a sounding balloon. “The intrepid aviator who tries to force his way at high speed against an adverse wind meets only with in- creasing resistance. But when the wind favors, then the winged airman spurns the slow fellow creeping on wheels beloiv. With accelerated speed he passes over moor, mountain or sea; and, if need be, vaults over the clouds. “If the captain of the winged ship s not content with his speed he has only to climb to upper levels, where the flow of the air increases to thirty and even forty meters per second, and ih this stream he would move along with a speed relative to the earth of 200 miles an hour. “These are not extreme values. In a stiff northwester which the writer experienced some years back the wind blew seventy-two consecutive hours 565,000 meters, which is nearly thirty meters per second. This is equivalent to going 4,700 miles in three days, or . twice the distance from Labrador to Ireland. The highest speed of the wind, for any single hour was 164,000 meters, 102 miles. For a period of Gt;iton Found Growing Wild in Australia Melbourne. — David Lindsay, explorer, reports that he has dis- covered cotton growing wild en large tracts of new agricultural and pastoral land in the morth- ern territory, previously marked on the maps as desert land. Wa- ter, he says, is freely ebtainable at comparatively shallow depths. Mr. Lindsay is convinced that cotton can be grown successful- 1y in the newly-discovered tracts. lewt. New market: ‘| oats, bushel ....... THE BEMIDJI DAILY FIONEER MARKETS—LOCAL AND FOREIGN Chicago, May 7.—Potato receipts today, 36 cars. Mhrket firm. Northern and Canadian Round Whites, sacked ;and in bulk, $7.256 to $7.50. Minnesota Red River Ohio, §8.15 per No. 1, $16; No. 2, $13. West Florida Spaldmg Rose, b%rrels, Bemidji Potato Market—All vatieties. bulk, small ‘lots $3 to $3.25 per bushel. to $6 per cwt. Carload lots, sacked and loaded, $5.50 BEMIDJI CASH MARKET QUOTATIONS. GRAIN AND HAY ....$1.00-31.25 .$1.60 ...30¢ « 8¢-10¢ ....32.66 Barley, bushel Red Clover, medium, Ib. Popcorn, pound ..... Wheat, No1 .... \ VEGBTABLS. Cabbage, cwt. ..... .$6.00-86.00 Ontions, dry, cwt. ve..$6.00-35.00 Beans, CWt. ...c.. ..o $6.00-38.00 Dairy butter, pound ...... Butterfat . Eggs, fresh,'dozen ..... b ..38¢ eeew 130 Mutton .. +..190-20¢ Hogs, Ib.... The following Dressed beef, pound..... Turkeys, live, pound 0Old Toms, live, pound Geese, live, pound Ducks, live, 1b. .. Hens, 4 1bs. and over Cow hides, No. 1,1b ........18¢c-20¢c Bull hides, No. 1 ..........l4c-16¢c 6¢ | Kip hides, No. 1, pound... 122¢.26¢ .830c-82¢ .$1.76-32.00 Calf skins, No. 1, pound Deacons, each Horse hides, large, each......$8-39 ‘Wool, bright......c... 36¢ Wool, semi bright.............36¢ prices were being paid at Stillwater, Mian., at time of going to press of today’s Pxoneer. GRAIN AND HAY Wheat, No. 1 ..........92.85-32.90 Wheat, No. < . .$2.76-82.80 Wheat, No. 3 . .$2.60-32.66 Oats . ....96c-97¢ Barley . .$1.20-31.48 Rys, No. 0. No. 1 Clover mix Rye straw .. Corn ... .. No. 2 Timothy huy .3 .35-81 50 ... .$29.00 VEGETABLES Beans, hand picked, n:vy, cwt. $6.00 Potatoes, per cwt. ..$6.00 Beans, brown, cwt Beets, per cwt .... Carrots, per cwt. ... Onions, dry, per cwt . Eggs, per dozen . ... Cabbage, ton . Rutabagas, per Butterfat ... Mutton. 1D ..eomsooom....10c-180 Veal ....... Beef, drmod . Lambs ....... Garlic, . ...... Parsnips, per cwt Squash, cwt..... Packing butter .. -ees-$2.00 LIVE TOULTRY Turkeys, 9 1bs. up .. Turkeys, small and tid Geese, 12 1bs. up, and fut, Hens, heavy, 4 1bs and over. . Springers, live ....ccc000.e Hens, 5 Ibs up, fat. ............ Dressed poultry 3c per pound live stock. HIDES Cowhides, No. 1........ Bull hides, No. 1 Kipps, No. 1 .. Calk skins, No. Deacons ..... Tallow .,... ‘Horse hides ..17¢ Wool, bright. ..t ... BUILDING CONCRETE CULVERT Plan Outlined to Do Away With Con- struction of Forms—Remedy for Undormlnlng Instead of golng to the trouble and expense of making forms for the con-|- crete culverts, if the ditch is temporar- fly ‘flled with earth and tamped, these | may be made with ao forms at all. One such culvert was made several yeéars ago that bas withstood time and frequent use and is still without any | cracks. . ‘The {llustration show: how th&lutm ¢ vert or bridge is cons ffl::: le)nle R. Van Horn o Missourl and Kansas Farmer. It a plece of land Is to be drained, this may be How Culvert Is Constructed. built first and the ditch dug afterward. If an old ditch Is to be bridged, the fill may be made for the time being and later removed. The concrete is mixed In the right proportions and laid on the rounding surface to the proper thickness, and with suitable re- enforcing. Trenches should be dug nt either side to make a good footing o hold the culvert rlgld and to take the weight of loads paseing over it. Many concrete bridges fail to 'und the test of high waters. If the foot- tng is too shallow, they undermine Remedy for Undermining. durlng a flood, and either crumble or are made unsafe. A simple remedy for this is to provide a shallow wall running across the upstream side of the opening, and a part of the bridge. This should extend to the bottom of the side walls and should not be over five or six inches above the low wa- ter level. This checks any tendency toward undermining and prevents Well to Forget Sorrows. Some people hoard up. their sorrows as a miser hodrds gold, and whenever they have a little leisure, they take them out and count them over as the miser counts up his treasure. - The fuller your coffers are of remembered sorrows the poorer you are. Throw them away. Refuse to recall them when you can help it.—Exchange. Ocean Is Norway's Highway. Norway's small number of automo- biles would be larger if its 2,500,000 '| people were not stretched out along some 2,000 miles of seacoast. The ocean is the ordinary highway betweea dif- ferent parts of the country. SPORT NEWS THURSDAY'S KESULTS. American Association. St. Paul 6, at aneamlm 3. Columbus 2, at Toledo &.:" Indianapolis 3, at Louisville 4. No other games scheduléd. American League¢: Cleveland 3, at Chicago;.2. St. Louis 4, at Detroit 6. New York 1, at Washington 4. Philadelphia 1, at Boston 3. National League: Boston 8, at Philadelphia 6. Brooklyn 1, at New York 2. Chicago 1, at Pittsburgh 2. Cincinnati 0, at St. Louis 6. 0’'DOWD LOSES TITLE Boston, May 7.—Johnny Wilson of Boston won the middleweight box- ing championship of the world when he was awarded a referee's decision over Mike O'Dowd of St. Paul last night. The fight went 12 rounds. When the gong sounded for the end of the twelfth round and Referee Maclnnis pointed to Wilson’s corner in token of the local boys victory, 0'Dowd protested, claiming he was entitled to a draw at least. ASKS FOR TRANSPORT New York, May 7.—Members of the American Olympic Committee will appeal before the house commit- tee on military affairs in Washing- ton next week to plead for the use' of a government transport for the United States team which will com- pete in the Olympic games at Ant- werp next August. BRENNAN WAS BEST Rochester, N. Y., May 7.—Bill Brennan of Chicago outfought .Ole Anderson of Tacoma, Wash., here dast night in a ten round bout. Bren- nan hit Anderson almost at will after the fourth round but could not land a knockout blow. NAVAL AQUATICS Anapolis, Md., May 7.—In fit con- dition for a desperate struggle, the oarsmen of Columbia University, ac- companied by their yveteran coach, “Jimmy” Rice, arrived here yester- day and engaged in practice spins for the regatta on the Severn river Sat- urdey afternoon with the naval aca- demy crews. There will be races between ’varsity, second ’varsity and ‘Freshmen eights. % FIRST INTERCOLLEGIATE AIR MEET TODAY 7 Mineola, N. Y., May 7.—Fifty-six aviators representing twelve eastern colleges are participating today in the first annual flying field day at um:h.u Field here, under joint nlpmu of the Inter-Collegiate Fly- ing association, the American Flying club and the United States army air service. All contestants were in the air service during the war and are; now in the reserve officers’ corps. The contests include twenty-minute altitude tests, a hundred-mile race, trials at landing on a T ma- neuvering tests, alert tests and ex- hibition flights. “This will be the first event of the kind staged in America. The con-| tests was made possible through a | eeeee..32¢ recent order of the director of the air service, permitting reserve pilots to fly army machines. One object is to determine to what extent the reserve aviator loses his ability to fly and maneuver a plane through loss of constant - practice. The majority of the pilots entered have not flown for six months or a year and army officers hope the tests will permit them to determine wheth- er the men are still qualified to pilot machines in an emergency. Mayne Stanton spent the day in Brainerd on business. Harry Elmquist motnred to Rosby t:l‘is morning, on a short business trip Mrs. Oscar Olson of Bemidji ar- rived here monday for a week’s vis- it with old friends.—Oklee Herald. William Elmquist returned yester- day from Milwaukee and the twin cities, where he has been for some time. H. C. Allen and wife arrived the forepart of the week from Daven- port, Iowa, to make a short visit at the home of Mrs. Allen’s parents, Mr. and Mrs. David Booth, 1007 Irvine avenue. Mr. and Mrs. Allen are so pleased with Bemidji they have pur- FRIDAY EVENING, MAY 7, 1920 chased a home at Twenty-fourth street and Irvine. G. S. Knight returned yesterday from Superior, where he attended the funeral of his brother-in-law, W. C. Doxsie ,on Monday. LICENSED TO MARRY Licenses to marry were granted to- day by Clerk of Court F. W. Rhoda to Lyder Petterson and Martha Stene, both of Blackduck, and”to Mons J. Jelle and Ingaborg Bertina Anvinson, both of Jelle. URGING FILING FOR NATURALIZATION HEARING Clerk of District Court F. W. Rhoda urges that all who have any intention of becoming American citi- zens in the near future file their pe- titions for hearing before June 14 which is the last day set under which they can be heard on September 14 at the fall term of the district court. | Several applications have already been received and a number of ap- plicants whose applications were car- ried over from the last hearins will be heard at this time. Al)l)l'l'lONAl. WANT ADS WANTED—Gooa strong boy, 16 vears ~or over to learn printing business. Unless you want to.learn the business do not-apply. Call at Pioneer office. Inquire for fore- man. 4d6-11 FOR SALE—A Cadillac car in good ' condition. Mrs. John Croom. Nie- ollet Hotel. 4t5-12 FOR SALE—Alto 779-W. 146-7° LOST—On Minnesota ‘avenue ‘be- tween 3rd-and 12th street a crank for Chevrolet car. Finder please return to-Pioneer office. 2t5-8 horn. STRAW. VOTE _Put an X in the square you most favor [1 A Separate Building for High School. [] An Addition to the Present ngh School Building. CLIFFORD- & CO. Saturday and Monday Specials 98-pound sack FLOUR ..............$75 SOYA BEANS, per pound........... BROWN BEANS, six pounds for. . ... . KELLOGGS KORN KRISP, two for. . SARDINES IN OIL, three for....... COCOANUT,inbulk .............. MOLASSES, in bulk, a gallon. . ...... BOB WHITE SOAP, 15 bars for. . . .. .sl 00 BROOMS,each .....................65¢c CLIFFORD & CO. KAPLAN BLOCK' 19.75 Phone 160 9.75 ANOTHER CHANCE TO SAVE MONEY ON YOUR - Spring Coat Another manufacturer willing to make a big reduection to move his surplus stock. sale tomorrow. Our allotment received this morning, on i i See Them in Our East Window T onight O’Leary-Bowser Co. 19.75 S 19.7 ‘ o p— Dalartiue Phone .