Bemidji Daily Pioneer Newspaper, May 1, 1919, Page 7

¢ * _:ROAD - " BUILDING DRAINAGE: FOR GOOD ROADS Essential Feature of an Improved Highway-—Another Requisite Is Firm Foundation. (Prepared by the United States Depart- o ment of Agriculture.) An essential feature of an improved road is adequate drainage. Thorough drainage Is so. necessary that it is practically impossible to maintain a sat- isfactory road.unless it be given prop- er -attention. . Another prime require- ment wherever a hard surface road is , to ‘be constructed is a firm and unyield- / ing foundation. .- As the quality of the eoil has an important influence on the { proper method of drainage and the type of-foundation to be employed, much care and study must be devoted to the nature, type, and character of the soils in the section through which it is proposed to bulld a road, rZl‘he most important primary soils ‘are classified as.gravel, sand, and clay, but often- many of the secondary or W’“fl‘m“s’ because of their more gen- . occurrence in connection with ‘road-building operations, are equally important, . Such types as loam, marl, gumbo, and hardpan are representa- tive of this order. i “In the design of a road the drainage structures are planned to take care of water under three general conditions —rain that falls on a road surface or grade; rain that falls on contiguous . Jand and flows in accumulated volume toward -the road; and ground water from any immediate source. To meet these conditions use is found for spe- clal.structures, . including longitudinal side, ditches, usually parallel, or ap- proximately parallel to the center line; intercepting ditches to accommodate .water whose approach so close to the l*n‘(lwny as.the side ditches is likely to-cause injury; lateral ditches or cul- verts.to-.conduct accumulated water away.. from._or. under the road; d subdrains.’ In order to plan intel- y tly a system of drainage for any jartlcuhr road, it is necessary to con- ¥ - ter Drains Readily From This Type | - of Highway. ol der not only the local character of the soil composing the roadbed, byt also the topography of the adjacent land, the amount and rate of rainfall and the availability of material suif- able for use in constructing drains. Surface drainage systems\fm\roadu consist of side ditches along the road, paved gutters (which are a develop- ment of sgide ditches and replace them) épen intercepiing ditches constructed ‘to’ prevent water from reaching the road, and lateral or relief ditches to carry off the water which collects in .the side ditches or in the intercepting ditches. Culverts and inclosed drains, which are constructed for the purpose of removing storm water from the side 'ditches or gutters, are essentlally a part of the surface drainage system, and are not to be confused with sub- drains which serve an entirely differ- ent purpose. Where the grade of a road is so .steep that the ordinary earth side iches cannot be mafntained satisfac- torily at a reasonable cost, ar where earth side ditches would be insanitary or appear unsightly, it Is customary to provide paved gutters for removing the surplus water. Drop inlets and catch basins are ured to conduct water from side ditch- s or gutters into underground drains or culverts. On country roads they are used most frequently on side hill loca- tions where the water collecting in the ‘upper side ditch or gutter can be ré- means of a culvert across to the low- er side Drop inlets usually are sufi® cient, at 4 catch basins seldom are used in country road work, except where it 18 especially desirable to prevent the silt and other foreign material carried by the water from getting into the underground drainage structure. GOOD ROADS PREVENT FIRES National Forests Must Be Equipped With Highways, Trails and Lock- out Stations. ational forests cannot pe econom- lly and efficiently protected against !fires wuntil they are well equipped with roads, trails, telephone lines and lookout stations, says the annual re- port of the chief forester of the United States ser.vlcc. g 7 ™ < m = 1 ) = > < = b o [ od p. CHARGE .THAT WON !:LOTiLLA HAD REGULAR SINGING TIME| . THE BEMIDJI Remarkable Exploit of South American | Thoreau’s Interesting Account of the Llaneros When Operating With General Simon Bolivar, The Llanero of South America lives on_ horseback, He trades, buys and sells on horseback, and during the war with Spain_the Llaneros contributed much toward achlieving the independ- ence of Venezuela and New Granada. There is related a story of an. oc- casion . when it was necessary for Bolivar's army to cross the Apure to engage Morillo. But Bolivar had no boats and the Apure at this point was wide and deep. ~ e The Spanish flotilla was guarding the river opposite to the patriot forces. Bolivar was in despair. Turning to Paez he said, “I would give the world to have the Spanish flotilla; without it I can never cross the river.” “It shall be yours in an hour,” re- plied Paez. . | Selecting 300 of his Llanero - lan- ‘cers, all distinguished for - strength and bravery, he said, pointing to the gunboats. “We must have these flecheras or die, Let those follow who please.” . Spurring his horse he dashed into the river and swam toward the flo- tilla. The Llaneros followed with their lances in their hands, now encouraging their horses by swimming beside them and patting their necks, now shouting to scare away the crocodiles, of which there were hundreds. At last they reached the other side and sprang from thelr horses’ backs on board the boats, headed by their leader. To the aston- ishment of every one they actually L] | captured the eptire flotilla, moved from the road at intervals by « NOT FOUNDER OF “OLD ELV” Ellhu Yale Merely Helped Famous Col« ' lege to Get Started on Its - Glorious Way. o Elihu Yale was not the founder of Yale college, in spite of the bellefs of many people. But he did make the proposition of a college possible through a gift of money and books. He was born in New England, pos- sibly in Boston, and went to- India when he was twenty-two, intent on making a fsrtune. He succeeded. He found employment with the great East India company, came- to .be governor of the British settlement in India, mar ried a native woman of rank, and with his fortune left for England when he was fifty, to enjoy the rest of his life. As he had no son to inherit his wealth, and as he remained truly Amer- fcan in feeling, he sent to Connecticut to a relatlve to come and live with him as his principal heir. Dummer, one of the most active workers for the pro- posed college in New England, wrote asking for gifts, and Yale -sent back books, Cotton Mather eleverly suggest- ing that the new college might be call- ed “Yale College,” which, he stated, would be better than the names of sons or daughters. Yale liked the idea and sent over East Indian goods to sell, the amount of which exceeded his expecta- tions—$3,000 being realized for the new college. His tomb bears this quaint inscrip tion: . “Bora in America, In Europe bred In Africa traveled, in Asia wed.” Air Affects Speed of Trains. The effects of air resistance are well shown in the 121%-mile Simplon tunnel, where an exceptionally high amount of energy is required for running the elec- tric. trains. The tunnel, which is 15 feet wide and 18 feet high, with a sectional area of 250 square fret, has 8 ventilating current of 3,530 square feet of air a second, maintained by two large blast fans at the Brique end and two exhaust fans at Iselle. Trains going with this current encounter less resistance than in open air up to 16% miles an hour, but in higher speeds or in the opposite direction the resist- {- ance is much greater than outside. Coasting by gravity down the 7 to 1,000 maximum gradient, a train, even though going with the current, cannot exceed 35 miles an hour on account of the draking by the air. Shooting Camera. 2 One of the most remarkable inven- tlons of the war is the Hythe' gun- camera, or camera-gun. Its object is to show pilots the results of their ma- chine-gun fire when maneuvring in training. By means of this contrivance a ca- det, after firing a volley of imaginary shots at another airplane maneuvering close to his own, is able to tell, on descending, exactly where his shots would have hit had his bullets and the enemy been real. The handle he presses releases negatives only, but by means of a process which allows for wind currents as well as the respectivg speeds of the opponents, the result the shots is reglistered with the most minute accuracy. His Consideration. <Now, gents,” with elaborate sar- casm sald the proprietor of the Right ‘Place store In Petunia, addressing the prominent and influential loafers that infested his emporium, “I have placed a batch of comfortable pine boxea around on the shady side of the store, where you can set and spit and whittie and cuss the government and argue about nothing from morning till night, and not be disturbed by customers try- ing to edge around you to buy some- thing or talk over a little private busi- pess with me without having your | snouts stuck into it."—Kansas Oity ' 8tar. ! Chanting of Vespers by a Whip- poorwill Cherus. ‘What a pleasure it would be to know the woods and the wood folk as Tho- regu did. In “Walden,” he tells us that “regularly at half-past seven, in one part of the summer, after the eve- ning train had gone by, the whippoor- wills chanted their vespers for half an hour, sitting on a stump by my door, or upon the ridgepole of the house. They would begin to sing almost with as much precision as a clock, within five minutes of a partfcular time, re- ferrcd to the setting of the sun, every evening. I had a rare opportunity to become acquainted with thelr habits, Sometimes I heard four or five at once in different parts of the wood, by accl- dent one a bar behind another, and DAILY PIONEER Why Stings 'Hurt. pain caused by the sting of net- tles is due partly to formlc acid and partly to a chemical resembling snake poison. Our nettles are comparatively i harmless: but in India, Java and else- where, there are varfeties the painful effects of which last weeks, and in some cases months, like snake-bites, Not All There, Delbrook was the proud possessor of & brand-new suit of clothes with a small wooden whistle attached to it. Soon after getting the sult, and while the fumily was dining away from home, his father asked him why he did'not wear his new suit that eve- PAGE SEVEN — i ee———i—— i ———————————i i ot Fer Quick Returns and Highest Cash' Market Prices Ship Your > X HIDES, FURS, WOOL, SHEEP PELTS and BEE WAX and TALLOW &€= To NORTHERN HIDE, & FUR COMPANY BEMIDJI, MINNESOTA 118 Belt Ave. | so near me that I distinguished not ! only the cluck after each note, but often that singular buzzing sound like a.fly-in a spider’s web, only proportion- ally louder. cle round and round in- the woods a Sometimes one would cir- | few feet distant as if tethgred by :‘ string, when probably I was near its eggs. They sang at intervals through. out the night, gnd were again as musi- cal as ever just befure and aboul duvv"n." i Moving Picture Expenses. The moving picture Industry takes in millions of nickels dajly, but a big part goes out for salaries, for “stars” and for needless expenses. Quite recently a very much excited individual stopping at one of the big hotels in New York city called up Los Angeles, Cal,, on the long dis- | tance telephone many times daily and, rolled up a weekly bill of $3,000 for this item alone. y “Who is he?” querled a bystander, to whom the hotel proprietor related the story— “One of the_new oil mil- lonalires?” “No,” was thie reply, “he Is a mdv- ing picture director. That is just a sample of the high cost of turning out moving pictures today.”"—Wall Street Journal. Seems an Unfair Division. Thousands of hats discarded by English women are exported every vear to Brazil, where they are <agerly bought by the Indians. The feathers and other ornaments on the hats are taken by the men, and the bare straw shapes given to their womenfolk. ““Gots=It” Poels My Gorns Off! JAny Corn or Callus Comes Off Peace- fully, Painlessly, Never Fails. It's almost a pilcnic to get rid of a corn or callus the “Gets-It” way. You spend 2 or 3 seconds putting on 2 or 3 drops of ‘“Gets-It,” about as / Use “Getn-1t,” peel off corn this way. simple a8 putting on your hat. “Gets- It” does away forever with “con- traptions,” “wrappy” plasters, greasy ointments that rub off, blood-letting knives, and scissors that snip into the “quick.” “Gets-It” eases pain. Your ‘Jumpy” cora shrinks,- dies, loosens f\;oml th{e toe. Ym‘l pe’al the corn painlessly from your toe in one comuplaete plece. That's where the picnic comes in—you peel it off as you would a banana peel. Nothing else but *'Gets-It" can do it. Get peace- ful, common-sense "‘Gets-It." “Gets-It,” the guaranteed, money- back corn-remover, the only sure way, costs but a trifie at any drug store. M'f'd by E. Lawrence & Co., Chicago, 111 Sold in Bemidji and recommended as the world’s best corn remedy by Barker's Drug Store. IT'S WEAR LIKE THIS THAT CUTS YOUR -~ OHOE EXPENSE Steppinfz con small pieces of hot metal, walking on sharp chips of steel, standing in hot sand—these, and other harsh conditions of walking surfaces in a steel plant, have no apparent cf- fect on Neslin Soles. So says R. J. Doty, glant superintendent of the Sivyer Steel Casting Company, Mil- waukee, Wisconsin. “The best oak tgnned leather soles last about three weeks under the abuse given them in the foundry, while I have been wearing a pair of Neolin Soles for more than three months. And to all appearances, they are as stout as when first put on my shoes,” says Mr. DOLKI. i w Only Neslin Soles can resist wear and abuse like this. They are created Ly Science to be very tough and dur- 2ble — flexible and waterproof, too. ‘T'o reduce your own shoe expense, and tocut the family shoe bills, buy Neslin- coled shoes. You can get them in many styles for men, women, and children. And have your worn shoes re-bot- tomed with Neolin Soles. These ldng- wearing soles are manufactured by The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., Akron, Chio, who also make Wingfoot Heels— guaranteed to outlast all other heels. Neolin Soles “’cause the. whistle's broke.” “l cant, daddy,” he answered, SUBSCRIBE FOR THE DAILY PIONEER Minnesota Paint Saves Money If you let your house go without painting becausé of what you think is the high price of paint, you are making a big mistake. Be- cause the depreciation' on your property this year by not painting will more than amount to what it would cost you to paint it with MINNESOTA PAINT. Bring in the figures of the size of your building and let us fig- ure it up for you, and you will find that MINNESOTA PAINT will go farther, because it is a Pure White Lead, Zinc and Linseed Oil paint. Minnesota floor and Interior Paints, $3.25 a gallon. Also a full line of Automobile finishes, oil stains, carriage and wagon paint, launch paint, and a full line of colors in oil. ‘ Minnesota Linseed Oil Co.’s Pure Linseed Qil sold here. Don’t forget to touch up that old floor or furniture with a good grade of colored varnishes, as it will add greatly to your pleasure in your living rooms, and also you will be surprised how much easier it is to keep the floor clean. For this job you want KYANIZE varnishes, the kind that has been proven and stands the hard ware that the sand and grit gives a floor. Kyanize Varnishes $4.75, V4 -gal., $1.85 For that Kitchen floor put on AMBER- LYTE, quart ................$1.00 FISHING TACKLE Oh, you big Pike, and you sly Trout! Boys, did you get yours yet? If not, why, not? We have a full line of Fishing tackle/ that is just anxious to get after those boys and they will do their duty, if you will do yours and give them a chance. Fish Poles, Reels, Lines, Tackle Boxes, Minnows, Pork Bait, Skinners ‘Spoons, and all the other good tackle including the old reliable Prescott Spinner, that the\boys all rave about. get yours, and be prepared. Sure you can get away, just steal away and see how much good it will do you. Call in and’ Alabastine, the sanitary wall coating for all kinds of walls in all colors, 5 lb. pEE, . uu s sweniswss 100 BICYCLE WEEK Bicycle Week is almost here and the Bike is surely coming back into its own again. Yes, it had a sleep but the peqple realize that the bicycle is a long ways from being a thing of the past. There are more bicycles being sold now than ever before. Call in and look over our Harley Davidson and Westminster Bi- cycles and save a full half of an hour each night and morning going to or com- ing from work. Harley Davidson bicycles, $38 to $55 Westminster bicycles, complete with tool bag, mud guards, stand, rubber ped- als and best seat and tires. ., ....$42.50 We have a full line of bike accessories and tires. GOODYEAR TIRES Place your order NOW for GOOD- YEARS and enjoy the best season you have ever had with your car.* How can it be done? p A= Simply, as Goodyears get away from trouble to a minimum you don’t have to keep worrying about your tires when you are on a trip. DE LAVAL CREAM SEPARATORS. Yes, the DeLaval will save you some big money right from the start, as two cows and a DeLaval will make you more money than three cows will, without one. .. We put DeLavals out on free trial and will gladly do so with you and also sell you them on easy monthly payments. DeLaval, No. 12, (500 Ibs. actual capacity) DeLaval, No. 15, (750 lbs. actual capacity) . .. .. ... $112.50 " These prices are subject to a 5 per cent discount for cash. 'FARM MACHINERY Yes, we have a good complete stock of John Deere Farm Machinery and if you need any, it will pay you to call in and get our prices. Hoover Potato Planters and Diggers and Reliable Sprayers make an unbeat- able outfit for that potato field. Place your order now for Hoover Dig- gers, John Deere Binders, Mowers and Hay Rakes and.be sure of it when haying and harvest season is on you. Plows, Harrows, Cultivators, Packers, Corn Planters and every necessary tool can be furnished. o ———————————————————————————— DYNAMITE A complete stock of Dynamite. 40 per cent in 500 Ib. lots at $20.50 a 100 Ibs. Cash. Smaller lots at $22.50. i tZITAN DYNAMITE at $21.85 in small ots. A few good Second Hand ranges cheap GIVEN HARDWARE (O.