Bemidji Daily Pioneer Newspaper, December 8, 1916, Page 7

FRIDAY. DECEMBER 8, 1916. - POINTS THAT MARK “G00D DAIRY ANIMALS Form of Parts That Indicate Heavy Milk Production, [Prepared by United States department or agriculture.] In addition to the general form which marks the dairy type, there are indi- vidual parts of the cow which indicate her ability to produce a surplus of milk. Following is a description of the more desirable form of the parts denoting heavy production: 1) Head.—The heads of the male and fe- male are much the same, except that greater size and heaviness are expect- ed in that of the former. As a whole the head should have a clean cut out- line and be free from any coarseness of bone, flesh or skin. In the bull score card more weight is given this part than in the cow score card, which is owing to the fact that the general character of the bull and his masculin- ity are evidenced in his head. A strong, muscular muzzle and jaws in- &fcate ability to handle large quantities 9f feed. The form and quality of face, " torehead, eve and horn indicate the nervou$ enéfgy ang pefinement essen- tial to productive ability. Neck.—The necks of the cow and the bull are radically different. That of the cow should be of medium length, slender, free from flesh and loose skin. It should be small at the junction with the head and should join the shoulders smoothly. The neck of the bull should be of medium length, small at the head and swelling into a prominent crest. The crest in the bull indicates mascu- Unity and should be both high and broad. Fore Quarters, Withers.—The withers should be sharp, the ends of the shoul- der blades fitting close to the spinal processes and ending some distance below the top of them. This junction should be so smooth as to form 2 straight line from the top of the spinal " rocesses down the shoulder blade to it junction with the foreleg. Body, Capacity, Back.—It is very important that there be great strength n this region, as the back supports the welght of the abdomen or barrel. Ribs.—Flat ribs are found to be as- soclated with the wedge shaped, lean appearance of the dairy animal as com- pared with the round ribs of the beef animal. Barrel.—The barrel in both the male and the female should be broad. deep and full and well held up with well sprung ribs. A good sized barrel indi- cates large capacity for digesting feed one of the essential functions of the dairy cow. Although the barrel should be large, it should not sag away from the backbone into what is popularly called a “pot belly,” leaving loose skin in the flank, nor swing when the ani- mal walks. This indicates an. objec: tlonable weakness in the abdominal muscles, which should hold the barrel close up to the backbone. Loins.—The loins are that portion of the backbone just in front of a line drawn between the hip bones and ex- tending forward to the beginning of the short ribs. The loins should be broad and strong. A sag or drop in this section of the back indicates weakness. A Tack of width in this region is caused by short processes on each side of the backbone. Hind Quarters, Hip Bones.—The hip bones should be wide apart and promii- nent. Rump.—The rump should be long, wide and level. The length is measur- ed from the hips to the pin bones. The remp ‘I8 level when a plane 'passed through the top of the hip and’ pl\n- bones is horizontal. A high ' ‘pelvic arch is not desirable. ‘The pelvic arch is inclosed by the spinal column and the pelvic bones. The joints of this arch constitute the hip and pin bones, and this region contains the greater part of the reproductive organs in which the calf develops. It is asserted by some breeders that.a short rump is agsociated with a short udder and a sloping rump with a sloping udder. Pin Bones.--These bones are the parts of the pelvis which are on each side of the tail. They should be promi- nent, widely spaced and on a level witn the Low placed pin bones are the cause of a sloping rump. Thighs.—The inner surface of the thighs should. be thin and curved out so as to give ample room for the ud- der. Beefy, thick thighs are an ob- jection, as they do not indicate spe cialization in the milk producing fune. ton and do not give room for a broad udder. Tail.—The tail should be level in its attachment to the spinal column, small at this junction, and the bone should extend to the hocks. It should be thin throughout and the switch long and fine. ' Escutcheon. — The escutcheon or *milk mirror” is the region above tho udder befween the thighs, where the bair grows in a differént direction. " Hind Legs.—The legs should be even- ly and squarely placed ‘onithe bedy. The bones of the legs should and “¢lose “in textire. " The “ Joints should be ample in size to form lever- ages for the actions of the muscles, but they should be free from growths of any nature, either fleshy or carti- laginous. When the hocks are set farther back than the rear of the body they are described as sickle hocks. The Mammary System.—The mam- mary system is composed of the udder. teats, mammary or milk veins, and wells. The TUdder.—The udder should be ! large, wide and have a long attach- CLOSING in the Gluthes, Shoes, (This Store is Useful Gifts for Women SILK UNDERWEAR GLOVES HANDKERGHIEFS o~ [N ) / &2rvd. Co. H, COMINSKY, Manager Useful Gifts for Women and Girls That Are Inexpensive HOSIERY These we put in handsome Christmas packages which adds a great deal to the beauty of the Gift. EXTRA SPECIAL VALUE Flesh, White, tion. THE LEADER Leads in Bargains during its IN UNDERWEAR AND GENTS’ FURNISHINGS ‘We have SOMETHING for every member of the family Come in and inspect our line of men’s and boys’ Under- wear, Gloves, Mittens, Hosiery and other kinds of Footwear The Leader Third Street = Georgette Crepe Waists Sizes 34 to 46 —$5.95 — 0UT SALE line of and Furnisnings a Refund Store) Bemidji, Minn. I Useful Gifts for Girls LTI NEGKWEAR “SWEATERS Navy, Gold and Combina- EXTRA SPECIAL!! If you want to spend $15 for a gift it will buy any cloth SUIT in our store that formerly sold from $25t0$60 now only qmn iy ) : NDalactivea Pama $15 = E = = = = = E E E = = E = = = = = = = = = = E = = I= ment to the body of the cow. In shape it should be somewhat rounding, with the lower part, floor or sole of the ud- der as level as possible. 1 the quarters even in size. The common defects in the udder are sh attachment. in front anfi.,low attach- ment behind, lack of width, sagging or pendulousness, a lack of uniform de- velopment and feshiness. Probably poor fore udders are as common as any other defect. Lack of development in this region causes a short udder attachpient to the cow’s ~JUST A PAGE FROM OUR HALLMARK CHRISTMAS CATALOGUE AflfiTONISfiING LOW PRICES OF THE CO-OPERATIVE PUR- CHASING POWER OF THE HALLMARK STORES ARE. GIVEN IN THE REMARKABLE SHOWING OF THESE USEFUL GIFTS Sterling silver picture frame................ wisian shws Gold-filled clutch pencil. .. .. siavp e Bon/Bon' basket, sterling silver. .. ... Naj kin marker for............ .. Link’ buttons, sterling silver................ Pie.or cake server; sterling silver handle. .. when olie Flode: Salt ?.lld pepper shakers, ?terling silver, pair.. ... Three kinds of tissue go to make a Sterling silver pocket knife, hand engraved......... $1.25 cow’s udder—namely, glandular, mus- Cold meat fork, sterling silver handle . cular and fleshy. The first kind is the s - aecrobingitisstis fiatprodbies theilk, Berry or salad spoon, sterling silver handle........... - $1.25 and the more there Is of it the better. |||' Gold filled pencil and envelope opener. .. $1.25 The iun;tiox:i gt muscular tiss;:: lg to Bird knife and fork, sterling silver handle, each .. $125 support the udder and insure rm . - attachiment to This bidts. Sterling silver cuff buttons. .. s S e $1.00 Fleshy tissue is undesirable in the udder, and its presence indicates lack of quality and producing ability. Glandular tissue has a springy, elastic || feeling, and an udder in which this pre- dominates collapses to a great extent when empty. On the other hand, when fleshy tissue composes a large portion of the udder the latter is firm and does not collapse when empty. Considerable skill is necessary to determine the kind of tissue in the udder by the feeling. The safer way is to have the LL milked d it and then judge wo "7 an 116 3rd Street - - If you have not received our HALLMARK Catalogue send for one today GEO. T. BAKER & €0, Near the Lake. Put Your Christmas Money Into 1Something Useful FURNITURE holds first place on many Gift Lists, and rightfully deserves the distinction. Huffman & O’Leary’s Furniture Store is | teeming with a wide variety of useful ar- ticles, priced far below present values. In order to assist you in giving articles that are REAL value, we mention the following : Card Tables Writing Desks Cedar Chests Music Cabinets Grandfather’s Clock Rockers Tea Wagons Library Tables Book Cases Dressing Tables Breakfast Tables Easy Chairs Ferneries ’ Telephone Stands Reed and Fibre—Leather and Tapestry Furniture for Gifts — - " Upholstered Easy Chairs and Rockers — (just in) From $6.00 to $25.00 Rich, Stylish Solid Quartered Oak, Fumed Finish, Complete Adam Design Period Dining Room Suite, 60-inch Buffet, 8-ft. Extension Table, Leather Spring Seat Chairs, Large China Closet to match, (see our window), specially priced at == $185.00 ~~ The very latest thing in Brass Beds—Two-tone satin finish—Square and round posts-—; from $12.50 to $50.00 Splendid offering in attractive designs—massively constructed Library Tables. Finished Gol- den, Fumed and Mahogany. Prices from.. ...................................................................... $9.50 to $25.00 Rugs of all sizes and kinds—a large assortment of room size rugs (9x12), Oriental patterns, beautiful color combinations—Prices from .................... [S———— ) i {108 (2P A large line of Heating Stoves priced way below the market value.......................$1.25 to $40.00 These Earlier Twilights and Longer Nights are reminders that Another Winter is here— that home comforts are again the order of the day. The lure of outdoors is waning and a cozy corner is beckoning. If in need of anything in House Furnishings, kindly call and investigate our money-saving bargains. Investigation cordially invited. Lowest prices assured. HUFFMAN & O'LEARY g g (=1 2 3 : “La.rgesp Because Best” B3