Bemidji Daily Pioneer Newspaper, March 25, 1912, Page 2

-T}IE BEMIDJT DAILY PIONEER Published every afternoon except Sun- day by the Bemid)i Pioneer Publishing Company. @. E. CARSON. E. K. DENU. HAROLD J. DANE, Editor, . In the City of Bemidji the papers are gelivered by carrier. Where the deliv- ery is irregular please make immediate complaint to this ofiice. Telephone 31, Out of town subscribers will confer a favor if they will report when they do not get thelr papers promptly. ALl papers are_continued until an ex- plicit order to discontinue is received, and until arreages are paid. Subscription Rates. One month, by carrier One year, by carrler . Three months. postage paid Six Months, postage paid . One year, postage paid .. ‘The Weekly Pion Kight pages, containing & summary of the mews of the week. Published every Thursday and sent postage paid to any address for $1.50 in advance. | ENTERED AS SECOND CLASS MAT- TER AT THE POSTOFFICE AT BE- MIDJI, MINN., UNDER THE ACT OF MARCH 8, 1879. “THIS DATE IN HISTORY" MARCH 25 1634—Lord Baltimore's colony landed in Maryland. 1744—Lotteries were authorized by law in Massachusetts. 1771—Joachim Murat, who mar- ried a sister of Napoleon and hecame king of Naples. born. Executed Oct. 13, 1815. 1797—Special session of Congress first called to consider the threatening relations with France. 1825—University of Virginia opened to students. 1836—TFirst issue of the Philadel- phia “Public Ledger.” 1846—DMichael Davitt, noted Irish leader, born. Died May 31, 1906. 1862—Beaufort, N. C., occupied by Federal troops. 1911—Fire ‘in a shirt-waist fac- tory in New York killed 148 persons, most women. Congratulations to: Mme. Yvette Guilbert, the cele- brated French singer and comedy artist, 43 years old today. George Sutherland, United States| senate from Utha, 50 years old today. John Lind, former governor of Minnesota, 58 years old today. Corrections, ! In order that the readers of the| Pioneer may have correct informa- tion on certain subjects, the follow- ing is printed: Bemidji Sentinel—“County Audi- tor George has received from State Auditor Iverson the blanks used in the leasing of pasturage lands in Beltrami county. This land can be had at any time before April 9 at ten cents an acre.” Instead of the land being furnish- ed at ten cents an acre, the auditor’s commission on the ten cents an acre. The land can be obtained only throngh bids which will be opened April 9 in the audi- tor's office. Bids have to cover at! least forty acres and cannot be for less than $4 on each forty so taken. Sentinel—“Ed LeClaire, notorious ag a professional eriminal, and want- ed by the state in its prosecution of Dr. Dumas, has been located and ad- mits that it was he and “Sandy” Young who set fire to the “Bacon” block in Blackduck a year ago. The state fire marshall’s office stands be- hind these assertions:” Interviewed Friday night, A. M. Wallace, first assisstant to the fire marshall said that as far as he knew it was not true that Le Claire had been located; that the department had heard of his location several times but that it had been unable to get him; that he knew of no founda- iion for the statements quoted above. Sam Fullerton, also assistant to the state fire marshall, stated Satur- day that he had not been authority for the statements quoted above and knew nothing of Le Claire’s where- abouts. He branded the story as “newspaper dope.” 1 Sentinel—“Oscar Baker, who ad- mitted having set fire to a house in Spooner last January, was sentenced to Stillwater Tuesday afternoon by Judge B. F. Wright. The minimum penalty is ten years.” The house burned stood in what is known as “Old Baudette” and was not on the Spooner side of the river. I'urthermore, Baker was not tonced to Stillwater, but the records of the clerk of the court will show that he was sentenced to the St. Cloud reformatory. Sentinel—“Efforts of George E. Kreatz to collect $8,048.65 from E. 1. McDonald, ete.” The amount sued for by Mr. Kreatz was $3,048.65, a slight difference of $5,000. transaction is sen- Sir Richard Jebb, the eminent phy- sician, was a man of irritable temper, and when bored by the querulous com.. plaints of some of his patients could not always force himself to return & civil answer. A troublesome patient, whose illness was purely imaginary, pestered him ome day with questions a8 to what he should eat. My directions on that point,” sald Bir Richard, “will be few and simple. ‘You must not eat the shovel, poker, or tongs, for they are hard of digestion; nor the bellows, for. they are windy; but anything else you plesse!” ADVANTAGE OF DEEP TILLAGE Drouth of 1911 Stirred Up Intereat Among Farmers on Problem of Molsture Conaervation. The great drouth of 1911 caused @ crop shrinkage of hundreds of mil lons of bushels. But it wrought & benefit that cannot be calculated. It stirred up an interest in deep tilling, and the conservation of moisture that will spread until every farmer knowa how to protect his crops against the dryest season. You hear deep tillage; discussed at the farming congresses, says the Farm, Stook and.Home. You read about it in every leading farm; paper. It s the talk at the institutes and granges: It willnot be many years nutil we are getting out of our poor soil all that it s capable of producing —and that, too, without “soll mtning” | or “sofl robbing.’ The Introduction of deep tillage tools is another reason for the wide:| spread determination to go deeper Into the soll, at this time: Heretofore 1t has been exceedingly difficult for the farmer to till as deeply as recom: mended with the ordinary plows at his command. But such tools have proved that they not only till soll deeply but that they make a pulverized seed bed —all in one operation. The seed bed prepared by such- tools is thus an am- ple reservolr to hold the early spring rains. It will absorb three times as much moisture as a shallow tilled fleld. Tbe farther down the moisture goes the less the evaporation. The farther down the sofl is pulverized-the roots will go, thus: getting :all the drink they need even when no raln falls. We have plenty of molsture now. Heavy rains everywhere. We will have oceans of water all winter and next spring. It may make thought. less people tired to think about water now—but the long-headed ' farmer knows that he will need water just as much next July and: August: did In 1911—and he will prepare. to save it. No amount of washing will rid over churned butter of milk. Excitement and confusion are not conducive to the best milk produe tion. A money-making combination is the cow and the sow. Give the latter warm skim milk. = The only way to absolutely know & cow, is to weigh and test the milk thoroughiy the entire year. The best time to salt butter is be- fore it is taken from the churn, and Just as it is gathered in granules. It requires grain as well as rough: ness to produce butter fat, and butter fat at present prices is what pays. Dalrying has crowded out sheep raising in Australla. The Australian butter is in good demand in Europe. The cow must have pasture or its equivalent. This accounts for the many solls and the great popularity of solling crops. It 18 =self-robbery to take a dairy cow through the winter when she gives milk only flve or six months out of the whole year., If the cow’s pedigree tallies with the milk pail, then. it is consist- ent, and a good, foundation or a poor one, as the case may be. Selection is absolutely necessary in order to feed and build up a good dairy herd. One must cull closely here as well as in other lines of work. One cannot judge the size of the feed for the calf by the vigor of its appetite. If this is to be the measure the calf it apt to be dangerously over- fed. Many of the details in butter-mak- ing can omly be looked after by ex- perience. Much of it must be learned by doing the work. No one can begin where the other fellow left off. OLD-TIME REMEDY DARKENS THE HAIR Gives Color, Lustre to. Faded and Gray Hair—Dandruff Quickly Removed. For generations Sage and Sulphur have been used for hair and scalp troubles. Almost everyone knows the value of such & combination for keeping the hair a good even color, for curing dandruff, itching scalp and falling hair, and for promoting the growth of the hair. Years ago the only way to get a Hair Tonie of this kind was to make it in the home, which was troublesome and not al- ways satisfactory. Nowadays, almost any up-to-date druggist can supply his patrons with a ready-to-use pro- duct, skillfully prepared in perfectly equipped laboratories. An ideal preparation of this sort is Wyeth’s Sage and Sulphur Hair Remedy, in which Sage and Sulphur are combined with . other -valuable remedies; for scalp troubles. and thin, weak hair that is losingits color or coming out. After using this remedy for a few days, you will notice the color gradually coming back, your scalp will feel better, the dandruft will soon be gone, and in less than a month’s time there will be a won- derful difference in your hair. Don’t neglect your hair if it is full of dandruft, losing its color or coming out. Get a fifty cent bottle of Wyeth’s Sage and Sulpbur from your druggist, and see what a few days’ treatment will do for you. All druggists sell it, under guarantee that the money will be refunded it the remedy is not exactly ‘8s repre- sented. Home Course In Road Making VIL—Highway Cfilverts and Bridges. By LOGAN WALLER PAGE, Director Office of Public Roads, United States Department of Agriculture Copyright by American Press Asso- ciation, 1912. ULVERTS and bridges are con- structed for a twofoid purpose. In (he first place, they are re- quired to providesthe necessary drainage for the roid and, In"the sec- ond place, to furnish a suitable cross- ing for traffic over waterways. A large percentage of the highway culverts and bridges ln this country were built st wood n the first instance, and in later years many of the.smaller cul- werls have been rebuilt with some kind of pipe, either of terra cotta, cast iron or more recently: of -corrugated -metal. It is impracticable in a short paper to discuss the vavious forms of pipe cul- ver They are purchased in‘the-open market, and the road official uses his judgment about the size of pipe that should be laid to serve the require- ments of the location in question. The following principles should, how- ever, be borne in mind: Al pipe cul- verts should be laid deep enough so that the pipe will not be injured by the F16. L.—CONCRETE CULVERT STEEL T BEAMS INCASED 1N CONORETE. traffic passing over it, and head walls shouid ‘in all cases be built at each end of the culverts to prevent them from being washed out. The maxi- mum fill to be-allowed- over a clay pipe culvert should be at least three feet. The objection to pipe culverts 18 that they become easily clogged and are thus made useless. Clay pipe cul- verts are easily broken unless they are well 1aid and well protected. The most simple and natural form of bridge consists’ of timbers laid across the stream or opening which is to be passed over and covered with planks to form the roadway: Walls should be built to support.each end of the timbers, and these are called abut- ments, The width of the opening ‘which ‘they cross 18" termed: the-span. The timbers themselves are called stringers, and the planks are usually referred to as the flooring. The size of the stringers required in- creases with the span and the distance apart, center to- center, that they are laid. For example, a 2 inch by 6 inch stringer will do for a two foot span, while a 6 inch by 10 fnch or 6 inch by 112 inch stringer. is required-for a twen- ity foot span. The distance apart that ithe stringers are required to be laid varies ‘with'the thickness of the plank iflooring and the amount of trafic. \ The weight of the materials in the ibridge 18’ commonly referred to as the dead: load. The: additional ‘load which ithe . bridge < is -designed to carry. is known as the live load and consists of animals, wagons or motor vehicles or pedestrians. A crowd of people stand- ing close: together on a bridge is usual- Jy estimated at about 100 pounds per square foot of floor space. The strength of the bridge deperids upon the kind -of timber used, the di- mensions of the timber, the amount used and its location, and also very | Jargely upon the span of the bridge. For example, assuming a loaded wagon carrying 500 pounds per wheel, a yel- low pine board one inch thick and eight inches ‘wide would require stringers to support it about every thirteen inches apart to carry the load safely, while a plank of the same width and two inches ' thick- would require stringers three feet apart, and a three inchplank would require stringers abont .every four feet apart. These figures are based ‘upon-the-assumption that yellow pine, Douglas fir or a good quality of oak would be used. If such timbers as ‘white pine, hemlock or spruce are used,. then stringers would be required about every eight inches for a oneinch board, every two and one-half feet for a two inch plank and every three feet for a three inch-plank. - The following table gives the approx- imate' sizes of stringers required for the different spans: —_— oyl Bpa Sral 22 EfdluE 3 (s = = gleafseabilguafElcald Blorbg|eois|d8erbslooie SlgEcolge (&S |gEsgleesE EIRSERIREEE|as|i 2R EIZEE S “I"sag("gas SEE| Ews 2x6 3x8 o 8x 4x 8 9:0 )I;G 3x 6:10~ 2x6-f 3x6 4x 6x10 3x6 4x8 4x 6x10 3x8 4x8 4x 6x12 8x6 4x8 4x 6x12 3x6.| 4x8 i 6x12_| In the above- table round timbers or logs_mey be substituted for the strin- gers, in which case the dlameter of the 1og should be about one and one-eighth times the largest dimension of the stringer as given. Fig. 2 fllustrates two methods by which the simple beam or stringer may be strengthened and states the cor- responding loads that will be carried safely. That is, the simple beam 12 inches by 12 inches square and 24 feet between points of support will carry safely a concentrated load of one and one-half tons at its center, while if theiQ same beam be made into & King post| beam by passing underneath the beam | a one inch steel rod, which is made fast at eltheréend of the beam, and perting: 2/ single’ post under the load: _t the center ‘of: the beam, then beam will eagry about two and three- quarter times' as much, or a load of thres . ud W tau safely, while it the a King truss be trated at the center may then be in creased to nine tons. The best culverts and smaller bridges are bullt of re-enforced. concrete., The cost 1s greater than for wooden or pipe construetions in the first instance, buf if well' built there should be no fur- ther cost-for repairs: I'hat is, the first cost Is the last gest, while durability and safety are neuu'ed from the out set. . Good mamrmls, consisting of .crush- ed stone or gravel, sand and portland cement -and water, are required for con- crete: -Deformed steel. rods-imbedded in the concrete ure used for strength ening the cover spans. The mixing of these materials into concrete and plac. ing it In the forms are extremely sim- ple matters after they are once well understood, but nevertheless should not be undertaken by one who is unfamil- far with the use of concrete. There are three general kinds of con- crete culyerts, svhich are known as the conicrete-box type. They are built for the smaller sizes up to such as have an opening about four feet by six feet wide. [for sizes above that the floor i usually left out where it s not nceded to protect the foundatiom, or paving may.be substituted for it. The floon and side walls are constructed ‘of con- crete with or without metal re-enforce: ment, usually without such re-enforce- ments. The proportions of concrete used for the floor and side walls are usually. 1, 8 6=that is,” one part by measure of portland cement, three parts by measure of sand and six parts by measure-of) crushed stone or gravel. For spans above ten or twelve feet the cover needs to be strengthened with concrete beams. This type is known as the concrete T beam from its resem-| blance to the capital letter. They are placed adjacent to each other, the dis tance from center to center depending upou the load which the bridge is ex- pected to-carry. The best type of concrete culverts for spans from ten fect up to thirty feet is the steel 1 beam incased in concrete, as shown in Fig. 1. Here the concrete floor is designed to carry the load acrpss the span from one'I beam to an- other, while the steel I beams carry the load from one abutment to the oth-| er. It often happens that the culverts | are built on yielding foundations and that the abutments sometimes settle, causing cracks that would he danger- ous in some types of culverts, but it is the ability of the steel I beam type to withstand such conditions as these just mentioned that makes it the best tyre to build. The I beams are incased in concrete to protect them from rusting. Sometimes they are simply painted or more often not painted at all,-and what would be a permanent bridge is al- lowed to rust out for lack of proper care. 2 For details in regard to the methods of designing and building concrete bridges attention is called to bulletin No. 89, “Highway Bridges and Cul- verts,” issued by the office of public department of roads; United States agriculture. No road ¢ (%Y and unsafe sooden bridges, such as are encountered on Simpiw Beary Loadr'at Cartier nlw MING “PosT BEam King Tauss Beam Safe Load et~Center 3 Tans. FIG. IE—COMPARATIVE-TYPES AND LOADS FORWOODEN BEAMS. many of our highways at the present time. Such bridges are a menace to our traveling public and are expensive to maintain. ' The price of timber 'is advancing, and the increasing traffic fdemands safer bridges and culverts. Re-enforced’ concrete for this class of work appears to form the best solu- tion of this problem. Bridge construc- tion"1s eminently the work for the en- gineer, and his services should in a'l cases be secured. The Road Contract System. There are three systems of roaid maintenance’ in use in this country— viz, the contract system, the labor tax, ov personal service system, and the Bystem which provides men perma- nently employed. to look after particu- far sections of roa tem has been used to some extent in varlous states, but It has never been found entlrely satisfactory. As agen- eral rule, the amount paid for this work.is small, and such poor service 4s rendered:that In many cases the roads have become-worse rather rhnn better. ‘ A’ GOOD TIME TO GET BUSY. Protect yourself and family against the effects of exposure. Keep your- system - working-right -with Tubbg Billous Man’s Friend. Much sickiiess' avoided through'keeping fit, good ‘natured and-active. - City Drug Store. The MODEL Dry Cleaning House :Tiiiphm 537 106-Second St: French Dry Cleaning Pressing Repairing Goods Called For and Delivered account for 1911? BEGIN THE NEW YEAR-RIGHT - Have YOU figured up YOUR PROFIT and LOSS Why not decide to “CUT OUT” the LOSS items during 1912. ONE of the most common “LOSS” items is NOT to OWN YOUR OWN HOME. Let US, tell YOU ahout the opportumtxes at BE- MIDJI— on a LARGE. or' SMALL scale and quote priczs on business and residence lots in this, up-to-date city— either kind can_be boughton our EASY SMALLGA SH-payment—balance monthly at 8 PLAN. per cent. PAYMENT " COMPLETE information regarding the city and county will-be cheerfully furnished npon request to this office or by our Bemidji rgpresentative, THAYER C. BAILEY, located in Postoffice Block. Bomidji T. PAUL 520 Capit: Towngite & Improvement Go. Bank Building MINNESOTA e All Do If you knew just where you could buy the ‘ Best 5 Cent In the World you would "do it without much. coaxing—wouldn’t you? Arrangements. are- being-made- with every first class dealer to sell (The bestinickel peneil in the world) . ‘0_. C. Rood & Co. and Jew Retallet will receive immediate shlpment in gross lots (more or less) by calling Phone: 31. Arrangements have 1‘ been made to advertise, as above, the: m,a'mesol all deulers !; Store MONDAY, MARCH 25, 1912, DOV POCOPOCPOOP@® . LODGEDOM IN BEMIDJI. ¢ POOOVO090909060 A.0.U. W. Bemidji Lodge No. 277. Regular meeting, nights—first and third .. Monday, at 8 o'clock, —iat 0dd Fellows hall, 402 Beltrami Ave. B.P.O. E Bemidsi Lodge No. 1052. Regular meeting nights— first and third Thursdays, 8 o'clock—at Masonic hall, Beltrami_Ave, and _Fifth St. C. 0. P. every second and fourth Sunday evening, ‘at 8 o'clock in basement of Catholic church, DEGREE OF HONOR Meeting nights every second and fourth ‘Monday :Ix:‘nmgs. at 0dd Fellows 1. F.0.E Regular meeting nights every 1st and 2nd_Wednes- day evening at 8 o'clock. Eagles hall. G. A R Regular meetings—First and third Saturday after- noons, at 2:30—at 0dd Fel- )\ lows Halls, 402 Beltrami Ave. ° - 1. 0. 0. F. . Bemidjl Lodge No. 110 Regular meeting nights —every Friday, 8 o'clock at 0dd Fellows Hall, 402 Beltrami. =S L OO T ?fif . 0. 0. F. Camp No. 34 Regular meeting every second and fourth Wednesdays at § o'clock at Odd Fellows Hall. Rebecca Lodge. Regular meettng nights — first and third Wednesday at 8o'clock. —1. 0. 0. F. Hall. ENIGHTS OF PYTHIAS Bemidji Lodge No. 168. Regular meeting nights—ex- ery Tuesday evening at 8 o'clock—at the Eagles' Hall, Third street. LADIES OF THE MAC- . CABEES. Regular meeting night last “Wednesday evening in each month. MASONIC. A. F. & A. M, Bemidji, 233. Regular meeting nights — first and third Wednesdays, 8 o'clock—at Masonic Hall, Beltrami Ave, and Fifth St. Bemidji Chapter No. 70, R. A. M. Stated convocations —first and third Mondays; § o'clock p. m.—at Masonic Hall Zeltrami Ave., and Fifth street. Tlkanah Commandery No. 30 K. T. Stated conclave—second and fourth Fridays, 8 o'clock p. m—at Masonic Temple, Bel- trami_Ave,, and Iifth St. O. E. S. Chapter No. 171, Regular meeting nights— first and third Iridays, 8 o'clock — at Masonic Hall, Beltrami Ave., and Fifth st @ M. B. A Roosevelt, ~No. 1523. Regular meeting nights Thursday evenings at § _o‘clock in 0Odd Fellows Hall: M. W. A Bemiaji Camp No. 5012. ‘Regular meeting nights — first and third Tuesdays at 8 o'clock at 0Odd Fellows Hall, 402 Beltrami Ave. MODEEN SAMARITANS. Regular meeting nights on the first and third Thursdays in the I O. O. F. Hall at 8 p. m. SONS OF HERMAN. Meetings held third Sunday afternoon of each month at T'roppman’s Hall. YEOMANS. Meetings the first Friday evening of the month at the home of Mrs. H. F. Schmidt, 306 Third street. Try a Want Ad R. F. IVIURPHY FUNERAL DIRECTOR AND EMBALMER Office 318 Beltrami Ave. hone S318-2. William: C. Klein INSURANCE Rentals, Bonds, Real Estate First Mortgage Loans on City and Farm Property N % and 6, O‘Lnfl-MmCI Bidg. M